Pain behind the knee is rare and can have a variety of causes. For effective treatment, the source of the problem must be identified and attacked. It is important to know everything related to this issue so that, if it occurs, you can avoid aggravating the problem.
In this article we will talk in more detail about the causes that generate this pain in the back of the knee, as well as the correct treatment for each condition.
Causes of pain behind the knee
Many factors can influence the appearance of pain in the back of the knee . Let’s analyze the most common causes for this condition, and the elements that can aggravate an injury.
Varicose veins
Varicose veins are often common in the leg area. When the veins that are present in the popliteal region dilate and retain blood , pain behind the knee may appear, along with a feeling of pressure and heaviness.
ligament rupture
The rupture of the collateral or cruciate ligaments arise from a sudden action such as a direct fall on the knees, sprain or a very strong blow . The rupture can be treated with immobilization for 4 to 6 weeks.
Osteoarthritis
Osteoarthritis is the wear and tear that occurs in the ligaments that cushion movement where the bones meet. When this happens in the knee cartilage, it causes severe pain in the back of the knee, because the damage is usually concentrated there.Recognizing common knee arthritis issues in sports especially in areas of concentrated wear and tear, is crucial for early detection and targeted management of osteoarthritis
Baker’s cyst
Baker’s cyst or popliteal cyst is the increase in volume due to the retention of synovial fluid . It is easy to palpate in the back of the knee, presenting as a mass that limits flexion and increases sensitivity. It may be related to other pathologies in the knee.
Tendonitis or bursitis in the hamstring muscles
Tendinitis is inflammation of the tendon, while bursitis is inflammation of the synovial bag. Both of these elements can affect the back of the thigh and the knee. They can arise from intense physical activity, and without having had a proper warm-up.
IT band syndrome
It is associated with sports where you have to repeatedly bend your knees, such as track and field and cycling. It can be generated by training with the wrong posture, overexertion of the knee or carrying too much weight . In addition, the type of terrain and tennis can also influence.
meniscus injury
The menisci are the C-shaped shock absorbers found in the knee to attach the tibia, patella, and femur together. Sudden or rotating movements can cause meniscus injuries, causing pain in the affected area. It can appear on the back, sides, or front of the knee.
Injury to the lateral and cruciate ligaments
An injury to any of these four ligaments can cause severe pain and swelling. These injuries are caused by a higher than normal extension, as well as blows to the knees or abruptly changing direction when running.
Rheumatoid arthritis
This disease attacks the joints producing pain, stiffness and inflammation. Rheumatoid arthritis affects the knee, causing severe pain in the early morning hours. It usually improves throughout the day thanks to movement. This pain can appear without the involvement of a blow or fall.
Popliteus tendonitis
Inflammation of the tendon located in the popliteal area can cause pain. It can be generated when running, especially with the leg extended downwards, as in skiing, or when turning the knee sharply, as in soccer or basketball.
Symptoms of pain behind the knee
Pain behind the knee can have various causes, however, generally in all cases there are symptoms such as the following.
- pain. It is very intense and can greatly affect the knee, whether the knee is in motion or at rest.
- inflammation. The duration may vary from one person to another.
- Difficulty bending the knee. This can be a big problem because not moving the knee can make symptoms worse.
It is recommended to consult the doctor if any of these symptoms persist for more than three days, or if it becomes very serious. It is important to seek medical attention if the knee does not bend or is deformed .
Diagnosis of pain behind the knee
The diagnosis is declared by a doctor, after a physical examination and taking into consideration the cause involved. If they are varicose veins, the cardiovascular health professional will examine them, but if it is a locomotor problem, it should be treated by a traumatologist or an orthopedist.
In some cases, an imaging study, such as an MRI or X-ray , is necessary to quickly identify the source of the lesion. Once the cause of the pain is established, the doctor will be able to suggest a treatment to treat it, avoiding the reappearance of the pain or other complications.
How to treat pain behind the knee?
The treatment is stipulated taking into account the cause. To begin, it is necessary to rest from intense physical activities , to promote inflammation naturally. The use of anti-inflammatories, analgesics and physical therapy to strengthen the muscle, while taking care of the nerves and joints, can also be very effective.
In extreme cases, injections of corticosteroids or hyaluronic acid may be necessary . Splint immobilization for a couple of weeks will help not to hurt the nerves while the area reduces inflammation. Once the knee can be moved safely, the splint is removed and therapies are continued to stabilize strength, coordination, and movement.
If you’re experiencing pain behind the knee, it’s important to monitor other symptoms you might be experiencing and consider factors such as recent physical activities, injuries, or underlying health conditions. Seeking medical advice is crucial for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment, especially if the pain is severe, persistent, or accompanied by other symptoms like swelling, instability, or an inability to bear weight on the leg.
