Jean-Jacques Rousseau’s philosophy covered a number of theories related to political philosophy and moral psychology, especially with regard to human freedom. Its philosophy idealizes human beings in a state of nature uncorrupted by society and with complete physical freedom. Recognizing a return to the natural state as impossible in modern society, Rousseau conducted philosophical explorations to identify ways to be as free as possible within the given restrictions.
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Under Rousseau’s idealized social contract , free and equal human beings negotiate their individual rights for civil rights. They voluntarily agree to come together and unanimously their authority creates a civil society, a new sovereign body dedicated to the general will that acts in the interest of the good of all.
Human beings have become alienated from their natural state through dependence, economic and social inequalities, insofar as people judge themselves through comparisons with others.
In Rousseau’s political philosophy , inequality is not natural and is largely a product of artificial needs. For Rousseau, the advent of private property was a fundamental turning point in the fall of a state of nature, and he believed that all human beings had natural goodness but were corrupted by society
