What Is Avar Language

The Avars (магӀарул мацӀ, “language of the mountains”, or Авар мацӏ, “Avar language”), also called abar or Abar , [ 1 ] is a language family of languages Caucasian Northeast , spoken by approximately 800,000 people (in 2010 [ 2 ] ) in Dagestan ( Russian Federation ), Azerbaijan , Kazakhstan , Georgia and Turkey .

Index

  • 1Geography
  • 2Dialects
  • 3Morphology
  • 4Phonology
    • 1Consonants
  • 5Writing
    • 1Spelling
  • 6Sample text
  • 7References
  • 8External links

Geography edit edit source code ]

The Avar is spoken in the southern and western areas of the Republic of Dagestan and in northwest Azerbaijan in rayons of Balakan and Zaqatala . [ 2 ] There are also avars from the Caucasus in other regions of the Russian Federation, in small communities, in Chechnya and Kalmykia . Avar speakers are also found in Georgia , Kazakhstan , Ukraine , Jordan and some areas of Turkey ( Marmara Sea)). Thus, the number of speakers can reach 1.4 million worldwide. citation needed ]

It is one of the six literary languages of Dagestan, where it is not only spoken by ethnic groups but is also used as a lingua franca by different groups present in the region.

Dialects edit edit source code ]

There are two main groups of avar dialects : [ citation needed ]

  • Northern Avar, which includes khunzakh, kazbek, gunib and gumbet, among others
  • Avar do Sul, which includes andalal, gidatl ‘, antsukh, charoda, tlyarata, tsumada, tsunta and others

Morphology edit edit source code ]

Avar is an agglutinating language , without genders and the syntactic order is SOV ( Subject – Object – Verb )

Phonology edit edit source code ]

Consonants edit edit source code ]

Phonemes consonant to Avar [ 3 ]
Lip Dental Alveolar Palatal Velar Uvular epi-
glottal
Glottal  
central side  
lenis fortis lenis fortis lenis fortis lenis fortis lenis fortis  
Nasal m n  
Plosiva Sonora B d ɡ  
Deaf P t k ʔ  
ejective kːʼ  
Africada Deaf have t͡sː t͡ʃ t͡ʃː t͡ɬː q͡χː  
ejective t͡sʼ t͡sːʼ t͡ʃʼ t͡ʃːʼ (t͡ɬːʼ) q͡χːʼ  
Fricative Deaf s s ʃ ʃː ɬ ɬː x χ χː ʜ  
Sonora v z ʒ ʁ ʢ ɦ  
Vibrant simple r  
Approx. l j  

Writing edit edit source code ]

The Avar language was written until the 15th century with the ancient Georgian alphabet . From the 17th century onwards it was written with a modified Arabic alphabet , called Ajam , which is still known today. As part of the Soviet Union ‘s policy of re-education , the Latin alphabet was adopted and in 1938 the Cyrillic alphabet was adopted . There are 47 letters, including some sets of two consonants.

Spelling edit edit source code ]

The Avar language is usually written in the Cyrillic alphabet . The letters are presented here with their pronunciation in IPA [ 4 ] :

А а Б б В в Г г Гъ гъ Гь гь ГI гI Д д
/The/ /B/ / w / / ɡ / / ʁ / /H/ / ʕ / / d /
Е е Ё ё Ж ж З з И и Й й К к Къ къ
/ e /, / je / / jo / / ʒ / / z / / i / / j / / k ‘/ / qː ‘/
Кь кь КI кI КIкI кIкI Кк кк Л л М м Н н О о
/ t͡ɬː ‘/ / k ‘/ / t͡ɬː / / ɬ / / l / / m / / n / /The/
П п Р р С с Т т ТI тI У у Ф ф Х х
/P/ / r / /s/ / t / / t ‘/ / u / / f / / χ /
Хх хх Хъ хъ Хь хь ХI хI Ц ц Цц цц ЦI цI ЦIцI цIцI
/ qː / / x / /H/ / t / / / t͡s’ /
Ч ч ЧI чI ЧIчI чIчI Ш ш Щ щ Ъ ъ Ы ы Ь ь
/ t͡ʃ / / t͡ʃ ‘/ / ʃ / / ʃː / / ʔ / / ɨ /
Э э Ю ю Я я
/and/ / ju / /already/

/ t͡ɬː / and / ɬ / are written respectively ЛI лI, Лъ лъ

 

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