- Vedang is very helpful in understanding the meaning of Vedas . The word vedang means – ‘by which to help in understanding the nature of an object’. The total number of Vedango is 6, which is as follows-
- Education – It was created for clear pronunciation of Vedic sentences. The oldest literature related to Vedic education is ‘Pratishyakhya’.
- Kalpa – The law rules laid down for the completion of Vedic rituals have been rendered in the ‘ Kalpasutra ‘.
- Grammar – Under this, rules of understanding and concord, rules of composition of names and metals, use of prefixes and suffixes etc. are given. Ashtadhyayi of Panini is a famous grammar book.
- Nirukta – The scriptures that describe etymology and interpretation of words are called ‘Nirukta’. Far fetched compilation ‘of Vedic words Nigntu’ to explain Yask was composed by “Nirukt ‘, which is considered the first book of linguistics.
- Chhanda – In Vedic literature, mainly Gayatri, Trishtup, Jagati, Vrhati etc. verses have been used. Pingal’s poetry is famous.
- Astrology – It shows the development of astrology. His oldest teacher is ‘Lagadh Muni’.
- The Vedas are considered the six parts of Purush – Kalpa, education, verses, grammar, nirukta and astrology. Mundakopanishad comes in-
‘Tasmai ho watch. Dwa Vidya Veditbaye Iti Smyadbrahm Vidyau Vdanti Para Chaivopara Ch.
Tatrapara Agvedo Yajurveda: Samvedoorth Veda: Education Kalpo Grammar, Niruktam Chhandojyotishmiti. Atha Para ie Tadaksharamadhigamyate॥ ‘ [1]
That means there are two disciplines known to man – Para and Apara . Among them, the teachings of the four Vedas, kalpa, grammar, nirukta, verses, astrology – these are all ‘Apara’ lore and by which it is known by the imperishable Parabrahm tattva, that is’ Para ‘lore.’
- These six are described as follows – Astrology Veda has two eyes, the unoccupied ‘ear’, education ‘nose’, grammar ‘mouth’ and kalpa ‘both hands’ and verses ‘both feet’.
Education, Vranasya, Vedas, Hastau Kalpoth and Patyate Mukham Grammar.
Nirukta ौrātmuchyāte, Chhanda: Padautu Vedasya Jyotishamayanam Chakshu:॥
- The tone, syllable, volume and pronunciation of Vedic mantras are interpreted by ‘education’. Shiksha Granth which are available – Panayan Shiksha ( Agveda ), Vyasa Shiksha (Krishna Yajurveda ), Yajnavalkya etc. 25 Shikshaagrantha (Shukla Yajurveda), Gautami, Naradaiya, Lomashi Shiksha ( Samaveda ) and Manduki Shiksha ( Atharvaveda ).
- The stabilization of language rules is a function of ‘grammar’. Shaktayan grammar formulas and Paninian grammar are considered to be related to Yajurveda. Apart from these, there are many grammar scriptures like Saraswat Grammar, Prakrit Prakash, Prakrit Grammar, Kamadhenu Grammar, Hemachandra Grammar etc. Many commentaries and commentaries have been written on all. Many grammar texts have disappeared.
- It is the task of the ‘nirukta’ to explain the interpretation method of the Vedas. Many of its texts are missing. Nirukta has been called the encyclopedia of Vedas. Now a free text of Yasak is available, on which many commentaries have been made.
- Only a few texts of ‘Chand’ are found, in which the Vedic verses have the Gargyaprokta Upanidana-sutra (Samavedaya), Pingal Naga Prokta Chhanda: Sutra (Chhandovichit) Venkata Madhav Kradat Chhandonanukramani, Chhayadastra (Halayudh Vritti), on the temporal verses in addition to Jayadeva’s Chhandasutra There are Chhandomanjari, circle Ratnakar, Shrutbodh etc.
- When the Brahmin-texts encountered behavioral difficulties in the ritualistic interpretation of Yajna-Yagadi, the Kalpasutras were composed in the ‘Pratishakha’. In the Rigveda, the Pratyakhya Vargadhyaya Vritti states-
‘Kalpau Veda Vihitanam Karmamanamapuranyaveen Kalpashyamam’.
‘That is,’ Kalpa ‘is a scripture that presents a good idea of the Vedas. The methods of yagyas are described in the cycle.
- The main purpose of astrology is to determine the Muhurta for samskaras and yagyas and to mention the names of yagyasthali, mandapa etc. At this time, apart from Vedang astrology of Lagdhacharya, there are many texts of general astrology. Apart from the texts of the authors of Narada , Parashar , Vasistha etc., astrological texts of Varahamihira, Aryabhata, Brahmagupta, Bhaskaracharya are famous. In ancient times, the astrological texts were different from the four Vedas – Arsha Jyotish (Agveda), Yajush Jyotish (Yajurveda) and Atharvana Jyotish (Atharvaveda).
