Organization chart. Organization charts are schematic resources that represent a hierarchical relationship between people and / or functions in an organization or understanding.
Summary
[ hide ]
- 1 Background
- 2 Construction of an organization chart
- 1 Techniques to build an organization chart
- 3 Types of Organization Charts
- 1 Purpose
- 2 Nature
- 3 Content
- 4 Scope
- 5 For its presentation or graphic arrangement
- 4 Sources
Background
Organizational charts are diagrams that represent, in an organized and hierarchical way, the structure of an organization or understanding. They are basically the result of the schematization of the organizational structure , which represents the levels of hierarchy and / or command, its main functions, the channels of supervision and the relative authority of each position. They are considered auxiliary instruments of the administrator , through which the position, action and responsibility of each service are established .
Construction of an organization chart
To build the organization chart of an organization it is necessary to carry out an investigation on its organizational structure , determining the units that constitute it and the way in which communication is established . It is necessary to determine the functions or activities carried out by each of the units and the relationship of subordination that exists between each of them.
Techniques for building an organization chart
- The boxes must be rectangular.
- The command lines must always fall vertically on the immediate organ that will receive the orders of the previous one.
- The advisory units are represented at the same hierarchical level as the advised.
When building an organization chart you should keep in mind:
- The lines between units or structures of the same level are always horizontal.
- Units or dependencies must be precisely delimited.
- Point out existing relationships.
- Write correctly the name of the units or dependencies and in case of using abbreviations, indicate it completely at the bottom of the graph.
Types of Organization Charts
Organization charts are classified by their purpose, nature, content, scope and graphic representation or arrangement.
Purpose
Informative: They are designed with the aim of being made available to all public , that is, as information accessible to non-specialized people. They must express the parts or units of the model and their relations of lines and advisory units, and be plotted at a general level in the case of very large organizations.
Analytical: Its objective is the analysis of certain aspects of organizational behavior and to give a macro or global vision of the organization referring to the budget , the distribution of the staff , certain items of expenses , remuneration , informal relations , etc. They are intended for specialists .
Formal: Represents the planned or formal operating model of an organization, and has the written instrument of its approval or, what is the same, the approval of senior management.
Informal: Represents the organization’s planned model but does not yet have the written instrument of its approval.
Nature
Microadministrative: Corresponds to the global scheme of an organization or one of the areas it integrates.
Macro-administrative: Corresponds to various organizations.
Mesoadministrativos: Involves several organizations within a sector .
Content
Integrals: Represents all the administrative units of an organization and their hierarchical or dependency relationships.
Functional: They include the units and their interrelationships; The main functions assigned to them are also used to train the person and present the organization in general.
Positions, positions and units: They indicate the needs in terms of positions and the number of existing or necessary positions for each unit, include the names of the people who occupy the positions.
Ambit
Specific: They show the structure of an area of the organization.
General: They contain representative information of an organization up to a certain hierarchical level, according to its magnitude and characteristics.
For its presentation or graphic layout
Verticals: They present the branched units from top to bottom starting from the headline, at the top, and break down the different hierarchical levels in a staggered way.
Horizontal: They unfold the units from left to right and place the holder on the far left. The hierarchical levels are ordered in the form of columns , while the relationships between the units are ordered by lines arranged horizontally.
Mixed: Uses vertical and horizontal combinations to expand the possibilities of graphing.
Block: They are a variant of the verticals and have the particularity of integrating a greater number of units in smaller spaces.
Circular: The highest hierarchical organizational unit is located in the center of a series of concentric circles , each of which represents a different level of authority , which decreases from the center to the ends. The outer circle indicates the lowest level of authority hierarchy. Units of equal hierarchy are located on the same circle, and hierarchical relationships are indicated by the lines that join the figures.
