It comes from the English knock-out (KO), which means “out of combat.” It means that the wrestler cannot get up for a more or less prolonged period of time, either because of exhaustion or because of the damage caused by the blows received.
Summary
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- 1 History of Boxing and knockout
- 1 Boxing
- 2 Knockout
- 2 Technical knockout
- 3 What is a knockout?
- 4 Some symptoms
- 1 Mild contusion
- 2 Moderate contusion
- 3 Severe contusion
- 5 Recommendations
- 6 Foster responsibility
- 7 Ways to get to the knockout.
- 8 The role of Newton’s laws
- 1 Newton’s First Law
- 2 Newton’s Second Law
- 3 Newton’s Third Law
- 9 See also
- 10 Sources
History of Boxing and knockout
Boxing
Many sports historians were able to agree and argue that boxing as a spectacle arose during the heyday of the Roman Empire, approximately 300 years (BC), the truth is that men fight from the same day they began to live in community and even the boxing it appeared in the competitive program of the Olympic Games of Antiquity.
Knock out
Historians have been able to pinpoint the moment when the knockout or knockout occurred. It is assumed and raised by the American author Nat Fleischer, in the work “The Colossi of Boxing”, that since history the man made good use of his fists, when in the middle of the jungle he had to tear the prey from the beasts with clean blows.
In 1743 the English Jack Broughton , called Father of Boxing, in some preliminary rules established the count up to 30 seconds so that a fallen fighter could stand up.
In 1867 , John Sholtó Douglas, eighth Marquis of Queensberry, in another rule lowered the count to ten seconds and it is the one that remains to this day.
It has not been possible to define the number of deaths caused by blows in professional boxing, and on several occasions supporters of the abolition of that practice denounced tolerances in the regulations after some periods in which there were no fatal accidents.
Technical knockout
There is the concept of technical knockout (TKO), in which the referee decides that the fighter cannot continue in combat because he is in conditions that are too inferior to those of his rival.
In many martial arts and full contact sports one way to win the fight is by knockout. They can occur both in combat and accidentally during training, and knockouts do not only occur in combat sports, since practically any type of physical activity runs the potential risk of suffering a blow to the head .
What is a knockout?
The knockout is symptoms of the temporary abolition of brain activity, consciousness and mobility, with preservation of vegetative neurons . How many things are hidden behind those ten seconds of unconsciousness for the loser and of joy for the winner?
In medical terms it is an injury to the head, caused by a blow, it is a contusion (physiological process in which the brain moves abruptly inside the skull, hitting the internal walls of the skull); commonly called ECT, or cranial brain injury and reflex knockout is a cardiac syncope due to violent excitation of the Ludwing-Cyon or Hering nerves, which causes vagal excitation and decreased tone of the sympathetic nerves, is produced by a shock at the level of the carotid bifurcation or due to inframandibular trauma. Such a blow can cause a skull fracture or serious organic damage to the brain.
Contrary to what we often believe, a concussion may not necessarily imply the total loss of consciousness, since there are different types or levels of concussion, which can be mild, moderate or severe. All of them share some symptoms that differ only in their intensity: Dizziness and headache are common, and a sensation of having a buzzing or buzzing in the ear, all of them stronger the more severe the contusion.
Some symptoms
Some symptoms of the different types of contusion:
Mild contusion
Among the symptoms of a mild contusion we can find a little mental confusion, some dizziness, pain in the area of the blow, but it does not affect the athlete’s balance .
Moderate contusion
A moderate contusion leads to mental confusion, loss of balance , loss of memory before the trauma, possibly nausea or vomiting, and sometimes loss of consciousness for a period of no more than 5 minutes.
Severe contusion
When there is a severe concussion, there is mental confusion lasting more than 5 minutes, loss of consciousness that also exceeds this time limit, longer memory loss, and possibly an increase in blood pressure , along with a drop in heart rate.
recommendations
When someone has suffered a concussion, they should stop immediately from the fight, this person should always be checked by a doctor, and avoid sports that involve possible collisions for at least 3 weeks . Repeated injuries of this type may imply the need to withdraw from the sport that is practiced.
When a concussion or knockout has been suffered, the return to practice must be done with medical authorization, once there are no more symptoms. This should be done gradually, first with light loads of physical exercise , then the demand can be increased but avoiding contact. You can then return to normal practice, avoiding contact for a period of time determined by a professional, and in any case if any symptoms return, you have to go back and wait a little longer before continuing to train normally.
There is a huge risk after these strokes, among which we find the rupture of blood vessels, inflammation of the brain , and, when the strokes occur repeatedly, there is even a possibility of developing even epilepsy. It is not at all minor.
Encourage responsibility
To avoid accidents, you must be responsible and know the limits: Do not recklessly expose yourself to a risk. This is both on the part of those who practice, as well as their teacher, who must ensure the well-being of their students, and has more knowledge and experience. This applies both during training and in competitive instances, where it is imperative that a highly trained teacher evaluates with extreme prudence and professionalism whether his student is fit to compete.
To minimize the risk of bruising , it is customary in many organizations to wear helmets or headgear to combat. A good guard is essential to avoid bruises, since it is the only way to protect the face and head , and working it conscientiously should be a top priority for someone who wishes to play combat sports.
Ways to get to the knockout.
There are several ways to get to the knockout.
- Reflex hit
- Blow by violent impact
- By repeated blows
- And the retarded
Repeated concussions in the so-called “fajadores” begin by causing micro-injuries and extradural hemorrhage (movement of the brain within the skull causes separation of the dura), subdural or intracerebral.
The delayed knockout can be caused by a temporary cerebral ischemia due to a spasm of the posterior cerebral artery following a blow to the carotid, where the trauma appears rapidly.
It is important to note the great difference that exists between the knockout of tenths of a second caused by a single blow, the prolonged coma as a consequence of the delay in punishment that the fighter endures until the limit of his strength is exhausted. Of course we will add that the second situation is typical of professional boxing, which is foreseen in the regulations of the fans and its concrete expression is the protection count.
In any professional boxer fight it is not uncommon in the crowd roaring voices calling for death, while one of the competitors beats the defenseless opponent. They just want to see the knockout and nothing else, but when someone passes away, without premeditation of course, that horrified audience the next day has something to think about.
The role of Newton’s laws
If we apply physics we will appreciate that the blows define two basic types of acceleration:
- Rotational (or angular): It is caused by hooks.
- Linear (or translational): Consequence of punches in a straight line.
Newton’s First Law
- Barry D. Jordan, has published the results of his research on neurological aspects and points out that basically what causes the knockout is a rotational acceleration. That is, a rotation of the brain, and he exemplifies it this way:
“Let’s imagine the brain as a mushroom. During the knockout the base does not move, but the rotation at the top causes the person to lose consciousness. That is why the protective helmets or headrests prevent that acceleration from occurring when such strong blows are delivered to the moving head, the brain hits against the bones of the skull, tearing nerve fibers, the sac of the meninges that support the brain and blood vessels. The direction and force of the blow determine the severity of these tears ”.
Second law of Newton
- In this sense the doctor himself explains
It’s worth mentioning that a straight-line punch results in a certain amount of rotational acceleration. The distinction between a punch that produces a purely rotational or linear acceleration is primarily technical, because the force produced by a blow is a variable combination of both accelerations. The force transmitted by a punch is directly proportional to the mass of the glove and the speed of the arm movement, likewise it is inversely proportional to the total mass that opposes the punch ”.
In essence it is about Newton’s second and third Law . The force of the punch is calculated by the size or mass of the glove, multiplying this figure by the speed of the arm (force equals mass times acceleration). The principle of action and reaction also intervenes here, or what is the same, that as two bodies in movements are being analyzed we must consider that the force of the glove on the head is equal and directly opposite to the force of the head against the glove.
Newton’s third law
In stating, for his part, how Newton’s third law comes into play , Dr. Barry D. Jordan points out
“Many boxers have learned to lessen the impact that a blow can cause. They achieve this by abruptly retracting the head at the very moment of the collision, making it follow the direction of the blow. In this way the skull and brain accelerate in unison and reduce the damage that could ultimately cause e; impact”.
What has been explained above allows us to understand that the soft brain does not move as quickly as the skull, it deforms momentarily and this produces a strong tension in which the nerves and blood vessels are subjected to a great force. This set of consequences inevitably leads to a knockout.
