Ventricle . In animal anatomy , it refers to each of the lower chambers of the heart . The heart of mammals, including humans, has two ventricles, while the heart of other animals, such as fish and amphibians, has a single ventricle. The ventricles receive blood from the upper chambers on the same side of the heart, the atria.
Each ventricle contracts during systole, which is the period of the cardiac cycle when the heart pumps blood to the lungs and the rest of the body. Blood cannot pass from the right to the left ventricle because there is a cell wall.
Summary
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- 1 Anatomy
- 2 Physiology
- 3 Right and left ventricle
- 1 Right ventricle
- 1.1 Features
- 1.2 Tricuspid regurgitation
- 4 Sources
- 1 Right ventricle
Anatomy
The heart in the human is divided into four chambers: two upper ones – the right atrium and the left atrium – and two lower ones, the right ventricle and the left ventricle . The left atrium communicates with the left ventricle through the mitral valve, and the right atrium communicates with the right ventricle through the tricuspid valve .
Each ventricle receives blood from the atrium on its same side and propels it to an artery : the pulmonary arteries, in the case of the right ventricle and the aorta , in the case of the left ventricle. The ventricles are separated from each other by the interventricular septum .
The wall of the left ventricle is thicker than that of the right, this is because the left ventricle propels blood to the entire periphery of the body, while the right ventricle only does it to the lungs, thus allowing gas exchange in lungs.
Physiology
The ventricles are the chambers of the heart whose function is to pump blood for the systemic circulation, through the aortic valve, in the case of the left ventricle , and for the pulmonary circulation, through the pulmonary valve, in the case of the ventricle. right.
Ventricular contraction is called ventricular systole, and atrial or atrial contraction is called [atrial or atrial systole, whereas relaxation for filling the four chambers is called diastole , also atrial and ventricular.
Blood reaches the right atrium through the inferior and superior vena cavae, responsible for collecting blood from the venous system throughout the body. Thus, blood enters the right atrium through the venae cavae, passes through the tricuspid valve to the right ventricle. From there the blood is propelled into the lungs, passing through the pulmonary valve.
After passing through the lungs, blood enters the heart again through the pulmonary veins, into the left atrium, from where it goes to the left ventricle, passing through the mitral valve. Finally, the blood is pushed thanks to the ventricular systole to the aortic artery (passing through the aortic valve), which will be in charge of distributing the blood to the rest of the body.
Right and left ventricle
Cardiac cavities that propel blood into the lungs and into the arterial system , respectively.
Right ventricle
The right ventricle is one of the four chambers (two cardiac atria and two ventricles) of the heart . The right ventricle receives the non-oxygenated blood from the right atrium through the tricuspid valve and drives it out of the heart through the pulmonary artery .
characteristics
It is triangular and spheroidal in shape in which the aortic cone is housed, and extends from the right atrium to the vicinity of the vertex of the heart.
Its branches correspond to the entrance and exit chambers, forming an approximate angle of 60º. The chambers are separated from each other by a muscular arch called crista supraventricularis, which forms an almost complete hole called ostium infundibuli. The crystal is made up of the septal band, the thick muscular trabecula and the parietal band of the distal portion of the septal band. The second-order trabecula that emerges from the distal portion of the septal band is the moderator bundle, also known as a septomarginal trabecula. The papillary muscle of the cone (or Lancisi) is located next to the junction of both bands. The space between the parietal band, the tricuspid, and the ventricular septum is called the subinfundibular fossa.
Tricuspid regurgitation
Tricuspid regurgitation
Tricuspid regurgitation is a disorder that involves the return of blood from the right ventricle to the right atrium during contraction of the right ventricle. The most common cause of this condition is not valve damage, but lengthening of the right ventricle, which can be a complication of any disorder that causes right ventricular damage.