Worker training is one of the most important functions of the supervisor as important as the planning of the factory. Without proper knowledge of personal protection, occupational hazards are possible.
There are statistics about an accident that occurred with 100 patients, caused by the following causes.
- From negligence 37 people
- Lack of expertise to work 34 people
- From the malfunction of the machine itself, 21 people
- From the body very exhausted 3 people
- From the rush to work 3 people
- From insufficient light 1 person
- From the wrong dress code 1 person
From this information, we analyzed and concluded that
- Men are more careless than women.
- Most careless people only end in the fourth grade.
- Most careless people come from small factories. Because small factories do not have a good enough accident prevention system.
- Small industrial workers are most vulnerable to lack of worker training.
- Long-term workers are involved in accidents due to machine malfunctions.
- Of the 100 people, 22 were caused by bad environments, and 78 were caused by workers themselves. And the cause of the majority, 41 people, is due to lack of training. Know about machinery and accident prevention.
The goal of worker training
“teaches you how to work and teach your workers how to work safely. Workers must be trained to know the potential dangers and avoid them in order to know what to do for themselves. Should not be done by yourself Workers must focus on thinking, reading and common sense in knowing to be careful. Or not doing anything to avoid self-harm. ”
Types of worker training. It can be divided into 2 categories according to the teaching style:
- Educate about safety The goal is to provide general knowledge. About working life And safety General in the factory, precautions, Dos and Don’ts and be aware of factory rules.
- Provide safety training to train workers to know how to work properly, be safe, and avoid danger spots in the work.
Or may be divided according to the nature of the course as follows
Regular course training for
- New workers
- Workers or employees in different departments of the factory
- People who need to maintain the factory cleaning equipment
Special training for
- Old workers moving to new departments
- There are changes to new systems or production methods.
- There has been a change to the new machine.
Opportunities that require training
- When accepting new workers
- When old workers move to new jobs
- When buying new machines
- Annual training for review
- Training to increase the status of supervisors
Training process
Analyze the workers to be trained to know their educational and work history, level of learning ability, talent. Individual defect or inadequacy Prepare courses to organize content Teaching suitable for workers and schedule preparation of teaching materials as appropriate. Prepare personnel And subtleties of training and preparation methods And training evaluation test
Training topics
1. Work and safety introduction
2. Safe and dangerous environment. In the work consists of
- Suitable plant layout
- Light
- Noise and the dangers of noise
- Heating and cooling temperature
- Proper air and ventilation
3.Personal protection
- Correct body preparation such as hairstyle, fingernail, wearing necklaces, rings, gloves.
- Safe dress and work clothes
- Use of protective equipment
- Preventing specific hazards The danger of different conditions
- Chemical dangers
- Electrical hazard
- The danger of high pressure vessels
- Welding hazards
- Fuel and explosive hazards
- Other
- Prevention and fire fighting
- Fire factor
- Type of fuel burned
- Type of extinguishing agent
- Know how to use fire fighting equipment
- Know how to escape from danger
- First aid
- Scald
- There was a wound with blood flowing out.
- Broken bone
- Unconsciousness
- Acid or alkaline contact with the skin
Training method
Good training should be prepared with training courses. And complete and effective training materials, training methods may be done in the following ways.
- Entering a training room with a lecturer, along with training equipment such as telescopic, dummy, drawings are the basic training.
- Enter the laboratory There are various teaching materials, real work pieces provided to experiment and practice on the topics that can be done.
- Training in the field, sending workers to work points With a mentor or supervisor closely controlling
- Semina training Entering the seminar room by raising various issues in the case of analysis With a slide movie Or any other material Suitable for training foreman who have worked
Considerations for safety training
- What should be avoided in the training and teaching work
1. Supervisors should avoid. The assumptions (self-thinking) are as follows:
2. The worker understands what he has described
3. The worker is constantly listening to the explanation
4. The worker can learn and remember forever
5. He (the teacher) All topics have been explained.
2. Training management. Training management It should have the following characteristics:
1. Prepare information or essential Complete Should be written in writing To verify that Complete broadcast.
2. Objective must be set. The training clearly
3. Regardless of the basis of knowledge workers
4. must use language and words to accommodate workers
5. Prepare described as a step sequence and a demonstration instantiated.
6. Have to ask for understanding at regular intervals at all times for the training
7. Prepare exercises for the understanding of workers
8. Have to allow workers to ask questions. And offer opinions
Teaching materials in training
Can be classified as follows
- The film is suitable for multiple training sessions. People have basic knowledge and experience the workers well, helping workers remember as much details as they should.
- Slides or slides are suitable for demonstrating with subtitles. In smaller workers, movies can be more detailed. But the content delivery is going to be slow. And may not be as motivated as it should
- Television tapes are recording tapes running nowadays and are commonly used for displaying subtitles. Can have advantages Can stop the picture
- The picture sheets are illustrations that are suitable for narration to small groups. Provide reasonably good details
- The model is made to mimic the real thing. Is the size of the real thing The purpose of the demonstration is clearer than the real thing.
- The actual product is the part that has been removed, it works. It is applied to a fairly trained worker.
