Myeloptic anemia . Myeloptysis is the occupation of the bone marrow by any pathological process that distorts the normal architecture of the bone marrow.
Diagnosis
This disorder produces the outflow into the peripheral blood of immature cells (normoblasts and reticulocytes between red cells, crooks, myelocytes and metamyelocytes between white cells and giant platelets). The presence of these immature cells in the peripheral blood is known as the leukoerythroblastic reaction. Myeloptysis is not the only cause of a leukoerythroblastic reaction, since it can also be seen in processes such as acute bleeding , sudden hypoxemia , and severe chronic hemolysis . What is characteristic of myeloptysis is the association of leukoerythroblastic reaction and dacryocytes or tear cells. Poikilocytes can also be seen and red cells with occasional basophilic stippling.
Etiology
The usual cause of myeloptysis is usually bone marrow carcinoma micrometastasis. Other causes can be neoplastic infiltration of the marrow itself by malignant hematological processes such as lymphomas or leukemias, primary or secondary myelofibrosis, inflammatory processes such as vasculitis or granulomatosis, and metabolic abnormalities such as storage diseases and osteopetrosis.
