Miguel Fisac. (Daimiel, 1913 ) Spanish architect. He studied architecture at the Higher Technical School of Architecture in Madrid .
Summary
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- 1 Biographical summary
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biographical synthesis
Trajectory
He graduated in 1942 , obtaining the special end-of-course award. His first works date from the early 1940s and references to traditional and pro-government factors predominate, typical of Spanish architecture of those years. In the Chapel of the Holy Spirit, Madrid, 1942 , those historicist references lacking in originality can be seen. A year later he will carry out the Central Building of the Higher Council for Scientific Research (CSIC), also in Madrid, in which he makes a highly erudite historicist intervention, especially in the Corinthian portico, where the classical orders and proportions appear that give the building a great load of monumentality. Added to this are the large pillars that close the main façade.
Little by little, it will get rid of the ornamentation and the formal character of the historicist aesthetic. This decorative austerity will also begin to be seen in religious constructions, such as the Ermita del Ventorrillo, 1949, where he will use stone more forcefully without alluding to classical themes. This year he will make a trip to the Nordic countries, where he will come into contact with Asplund’s work. The influence that the architecture of these countries will have will be reflected in its concern for the quality of the materials, mixed with the essentialization of the popular and a personal approach that seeks humanized construction and a departure from formal and aesthetic criteria. This austerity in the construction, seeking the purity of the spaces, will be a constant in his later work: the Cajal Microbiology Institute of 1951 is a good example, whose form is defined, in part, by the study of the functional needs .
The Daimiel Labor Institute will be the first of a series of buildings dedicated to labor education and it is also his first truly modern work, where an innovative organic architecture in Spain is carried out and seeks consonance with the landscape with a wide horizon ( so it tends towards horizontality) and the harsh climate of La Mancha (so it tends towards the essentials of popular architecture), which adapts perfectly to this environment in its wisdom acquired over time.
In 1952 he won the Gold Medal at the international exhibition of Sacred Art held in Vienna, thanks to the church of Arcas Reales, Valladolid, in which he created a new religious space based on two walls that converge towards the altar. In these walls, Fisac eliminates any obstacle that holds the gaze, a scheme that will be repeated in subsequent works: the church of Escaldes in Andorra follows the same model.
In 1955 he will go around the world, passing through Jerusalem , Manila, Japan and the United States , where he visits RJ Neutra. In 1960 he will carry out research and obtain a patent for tensioned and post-tensioned concrete, in which he will seek its expressive and structural qualities. This fact will characterize his work carried out in these years: the Geological Research Center (GEF), the Hydrographic Studies Center of Madrid (both from 1960) and the CSIC Information and Documentation Center (1961), where the concrete does not appear as a rigid wall but is molded according to the guidelines of the plastic material used as formwork, which produces forms and textures of great expressive force. Fisac will continue to investigate the possibilities of concrete, patenting flexible formwork in 1971 .
Death
He died on May 12, 2006 at his home in Madrid at the age of 92.
