Medina (in Arabic : المدينة) is one of the major religious cities in Saudi Arabia , where is located the Mosque of the Prophet , his sanctuary and the tombs of many Islamic personalities.
Like Mecca, non-Muslims are prohibited from entering this city.
Summary
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- 1 Mecca and Medina
- 2 Data
- 3 Geography
- 4 Population before Islam
- 5 Economy
- 6 Climate
- 7 Sources
Mecca and Medina
Prophet’s Mosque or Masjid al-Nabawi Mosque in Medina
Mecca is the main city of the Hijaz region, in Saudi Arabia, and one of the most important on the Arabian peninsula.
Mecca is the birthplace of Muhammad , founder of Islam , and is the most important of all the holy cities of Islam, visited each year by millions of pilgrims. Muhammad was born there around 570 and lived in the city until 622, the year he fled due to religious persecution, taking refuge in Medina.
In this city, Muhammad died 10 years after his flight and was buried in the courtyard of his house, which later became the Mosque of the Prophet or Masjid al-Nabawi Mosque, the second most important after that of Mecca, around the one Muslims bow down when praying.
Data
- Before the Emigration of the Prophet Muhammad , this city was known as Yasrib.
- It is located in the northeast of Mecca in the Hijaz region . The distance between Medina and Mecca is about 450 kilometers.
- Medina was the first capital of the Islamic government and many historical events such as the Battle of the Prophet (PBD) against the Jews of Medina, the tragedy of Harra , and the uprising of Nafs al-Zakiya .
Geography
- Located in a desert area in the Hijaz region. The distance between Medina and Mecca is 450 Kilometers.
- The most significant geological feature of Medina is that the city is located between two rocky terrain called Harra.
- The most important mountain in Medina is the Uhud mountain .
Population before Islam
- Before Islam, two groups of Arabs and Jews lived in Medina. The Jewish tribes were: Banu Qainuqa ‘ , Banu Nazir and Banu Quraiza , and most of them lived in the south and southeast of the city.
- The Arab tribes were Ows and Jazray . The population of Jazray was three times the size of Ows, and these tribes lived in the center of Medina.
- The Arab population of Yasrib (Medina) was much larger than that of the Jews. In pre-Islamic times, there was a long conflict between Ows and Khazray, and this conflict went to the Jewish tribes.
Economy
- In pre-Islamic times and also at the beginning of Islam, the economic situation of Medina was not the same as that of Mecca; since the commercial caravans visited Medina from time to time, while they visited Mecca twice a year, in summer and in winter.
- The economy of Medina was based mainly on agriculture, and on the gardens and date crops around the city.
- The most important products of Medina were dates and grapes.
- The palms were the root of the economic life of Medina, and they were used as food and their wood was used in buildings.
- In addition to rainwater, the city’s water comes from wells and underground sources.
