Jawaharlal Nehru . Politician and lawyer . Prime Minister of India since independence on August 15 , 1947 . Founder and prominent leader of the Non-Aligned Movement .
Summary
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- 1 Biographical synthesis
- 1 Studies
- 2 Political trajectory
- 2.1 Indian Prime Minister
- 3 Death
- 2 Works
- 3 References
- 4 Sources
Biographical synthesis
He was born on November 14 , 1889 in Allahabad. Son of Motilal Nehru, a prominent Hindu politician, leader of Congress, as well as lawyer and notary .
Studies
In 1905 he went to England , where he studied law at the University of Cambrige , on his return in 1912 he practiced as a lawyer . He was part of the stream of young intellectuals who in the 1920s defended Gandhi’s nationalist ideas .
Political career
He began his career in active politics in 1918 as a member of the Indian National Congress Party, which he presided from 1929 for four consecutive terms, proclaiming complete independence (and not dominance status) as a political objective of India. He was imprisoned by the British nine times between 1921 and 1945 for his political activity. His ideology evolved to the left sympathizing with Socialism .
When the independence of India was proclaimed in 1947 , he was appointed Prime Minister of the Indian Union, a position he held until his death, and Minister of Foreign Affairs. He was married to Kamala Kaul Nehru and their only daughter, Indira Gandhi , became Prime Minister after the death of Lal Bahadur Shastri in January 1966 .
Indian Prime Minister
Nehru was a renowned speaker. He could give extraordinary speeches, his most famous speech being the “pact with destiny”, before the Constituent Assembly of India in New Delhi on the night of August 15 , 1947 at a time when India became an independent state. after centuries of colonial invasion, expressing:
“Years ago we made an appointment with destiny, and now the moment comes when it will redeem our commitment, not in its entirety or in its entirety, but very substantial. In the race of the midnight hour, when the world sleeps , India awakens to life and freedom. There comes a time, what comes, but rarely in history, when we step out of the old into the new, when an era ends, and when the soul of a nation, repressed for long, it finds expression. It is fitting that at this solemn moment we make the commitment of dedication to the service of India and her people and to the even greater cause of humanity. ” [1]
Nehru was a modernizer who believed the future of India by developing science, technology and state-led industrialization. He established the 1950 Planning Commission , which oversaw the development and implementation of the five-year plans. He was also a passionate advocate for education for Indian children and youth, believing that it is essential for progress. His government oversaw the creation of many institutions of higher education, including the Indian Institute of Medical Sciences, the Indian Institute of Technology, the Indian Institute of Management, and the National Institute of Technology.
In foreign affairs Nehru adopted a policy of neutrality, opposed the formation of military alliances and urged a moratorium on nuclear tests. He emphasized the importance of the movement of non-aligned countries, in 1955 he had a key role in the Bandung Conference and in the first conference of the Non-Aligned Movement in Belgrade in 1961 where that Movement was founded, becoming one of its main leaders.
Death
He died on 27 as maypole as 1964 , New Delhi , India .
Plays
He wrote a lot, especially in prison, his outstanding works are:
- Flashes of 1936 World History , Including Letters to Her Daughter (Indira Gandhi)
- His autobiography, Hacia la Libertad 1941 .
- The discovery of India in 1946
