HTML colors

HTML colors. Description of the fundamentals of the RGB color system with a view to its later use in HTML pages .

Summary

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• 1 Theoretical foundation
• 2 Color chart
• 3 See also
• 4 External links

theoretical foundation

The RGB color palette (RVA in Spanish) basically consists of three color primary additive : R eye – V reen – A zul . These additive primary colors, in HTML, are represented by three hexadecimal pairs of the type 0xHH-HH-HH according to the following format: (the basic or primary colors, not those that are the result of mixtures)

#RRGGBB (= #RRVVAA)

The values ​​that each of the three hexadecimal pairs can take range from 0x00 (0 decimal) to 0xFF (255 decimal). The higher the value of the pair, the greater the intensity (hue, brightness or clarity) of the color corresponding to that pair (and vice versa). This implies that the lower end of the chromatic scale starts from a minimum color intensity (degree) ( null = par 0x00), passes through a medium color intensity ( medium = par 0x80 [128 decimal]) until reaching an intensity of maximum color ( saturated = par 0xFF). The highest degree of purity ( absolute ) of an additive primary color will be determined by the total presence of the same ( saturation = 0xFF) together with the total absence (nullity = 0x00) of the other two additive primary colors.

In addition to these three additive primary colors (RVA), there are three subtractive primary colors or CMY (CMA in Spanish): C ian – M agenta- A yellow . These colors arise from the following combination (mixture) of the additive primaries:

Cyan = Green + Blue

Magenta = Red + Blue

Yellow = Red + Green

Regarding its degree of purity, the opposite occurs to additive primary colors, since the absolute degree will be determined by the nullity of one of its components and the saturation of the other two. The complementary colors of the primaries, both additive and subtractive, will be reciprocally:

Red ? Cyan

Green? Magenta

Blue ? Yellow

The simultaneous combination of the three saturated additive primaries produces the blank (0xFFFFFF). In contrast, the simultaneous combination of the three null subtractive primaries produces black (0x000000). It is also clear that the combination of two mutually complementary colors will produce white, in the same way that the subtraction (absorption) of both will give rise to black ( total absence of color ). Thus, p. For example, red (0xFF0000) plus its complement that is cyan (0x00FFFF), generate white (0xFFFFFF). In fact, cyan is nothing more than the subtraction of red from white. Note the following graphs:

For its part, the medium gray (0x808080), which is the exact middle ground between black and white, will be obtained from the simultaneous combination of the three medium additive primaries . Similarly, the gray semisaturated (light) is obtained from the combination 0xC0C0C0, while the gray seminulo (dark) by 0x404040. In this way, we have that the rest of the colors, which are between black (0x000000) and white (0xFFFFFF), arise from the combination of the three additive primaries in different degrees. In other words: simply replace each of the 0xHH-HH-HH pairs with a value between 0x00 and 0xFF to obtain any of the possible colors.

Although in practice, there may be some combinations that are not valid. That used to be the case when the largest color palette had 256 colors. Therefore, there are 216 safe colors that will be visible on any device without the need for dithering . (another 40 for the system), some of which are shown here.

Color chart

There are 16,777,216 different combinations.