Borsuk-Ulam theorem. In mathematics , particularly in algebraic topology , there is a famous theorem conjectured by Stanisław Ulam and proved, first time, by Karol Borsuk in 1933 , dealing with antipodal points of a topological space and continuous functions .
It is noted that an n-sphere is defined as:
S n = {(x 1 , x 2 , …, x n + 1 )}
Summary
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- 1 Theorem 1
- 2 Theorem 2
- 3 Theorem 3
- 4 Teroema 4
- 5 Source
- 6 See also
Theorem 1
Let b: S n → S n be a continuous application that transforms antipodal points into antipodal points; that is, for every element x of S n , bA (x) = Ab (x). So the Lefschetz number is an even integer.
Theorem 2
Let b: S n → S n (n> 0) such that it assigns antipodal points to antipodal points. So tr [b * , H 0 (S n )] is an even number .
Theorem 3
There is no application b: S n → S n (n> 0) that transforms antipodal points into antipodal points.
Teroemma 4
Any continuous application of S n to R n assigns a pair of antipodal points at the same point. This last proposition bears the compound name of Borsuk-Ulam.
