Woven . Structure resulting from the interlacing of threads, regardless of the system used. Different types of fabrics can be found, which are distinguished by the type of technique used for fiber interlacing.
Summary
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- 1 Types of fabrics
- 1 Properties of fabrics
- 2 Structure of a fabric
- 3 Features
- 4 Differences
- 2 History of crocheting
- 1 Crochet versus lace
- 3 External links
- 4 Sources
Types of fabrics
There are two main groups of fabrics, knitted fabrics and loom fabrics. Among knitted fabrics we distinguish two great techniques: knitting with needles, and crocheting, which is done with a crochet hook.
Among the loom fabrics we can distinguish the handcrafted ones, made on artisan looms; and the industrial ones, which are carried out on factory looms.
Tissue properties
The development of the textile industry brought with it the production of a wide variety of fabrics, which are distinguished in addition to their design and the material with which they are manufactured, due to their properties.
Among the properties of the fabrics the following stand out
- Flexibility: feeling of softness on contact with the skin.
- Tensile strength: ability to withstand snags.
- Elasticity: ability to wrinkle or stretch.
- Hygroscopicity: greater or lesser degree of adsorption of water and dyes.
- Thermal conductivity: capacity to conduct more or less heat.
- Cooking in water: possibility to boil and be washed repeatedly without deteriorating easily.
- Fiber thickness.
- Natural glow.
In correspondence with these properties, not all fabrics react in the same way to the effect of water and heat. Hence, in many garments, the care to take into account with them to guarantee their preservation is specified on a label.
Structure of a fabric
A fabric is made up of two groups of threads that cross at a right angle: the warp and the weft.
features
The warp can be considered the skeleton of the fabric and consists of numerous threads that are approximately the length of the piece of fabric and have been juxtaposed parallel to the full width of the fabric.
In contrast, the weft consists of a single thread that intersects perpendicularly between the warp threads, from one edge to the other of the fabric, first in one direction and then in the other, and so on. The crossing of the threads creates a permanent pressure, which is increased by means of a comb that presses the weft against the finished fabric, which gives body and cohesion to the fabric. In this way, it is possible to interweave threads of the same color or combine threads of different colors, both in the warp and in the weft, as well as in each pass of the latter, giving rise to a wide variety of fabrics, both in their design as in its texture, while giving the fabric solidity, rigidity, looseness, among other properties.
Differences
The difference between knitting and loom weaving is in how the threads are crossed. In the loom weft and warp weaving is made, in knitting there are different forms of interlacing, which is achieved by knotting the same strand in different ways, with the help of one or two needles, or a knitting machine.
History of crocheting
Before, crochet was used to specify the status symbol of an individual. It was practiced by royalty who had the ability to purchase luxury lace products, and set the value of crochet staples to devalue. Many people assume that knitting and crocheting developed from old practices of people living in countries like China , the Middle East, and South America .
In turn, many believe that crochet may have been practiced by ancient cultures to flex the muscles of the index finger instead of making fashionable clothing. This belief was accepted by many historians due to the absence of crochet items as evidence of established practices. Today knitting and crocheting is a pleasant activity for many individuals. It has recently captured the attention of many people, who have made it very popular with high quality threads. The pleasure of crocheting is to be able to work with yarns of different textures and colors.
Crochet versus lace
In the early 1800s , a large number of European communities began using crocheted garments instead of expensive lace materials. Crochet requires fewer materials, and is also widely accepted by all social classes. From these periods, crochet was done mainly with thread. The most common products universally from crochet were filet crochet, which are rows in open or closed meshes, building a certain pattern. While in the 1900s , the huge production of steel hooks introduced numerous products that are made from yarn.
