A neonatal intensive care unit (ICU) is a special part of a hospital where sick newborns from birth to 28 days of age are cared for. It is sometimes called a NICU or neonatal ICU. It is separate from the adult ICU.
Now let’s find out what kind of babies are kept in the ICU. Newborns who are very low birth weight (less than 2.5 kg), born very prematurely (before 37 weeks), have breathing problems, do not cry or breathe after birth, or have severe jaundice or bacterial infections, and who have various birth defects or complications and require surgery, are admitted to the neonatal ICU.
Many people have fears and misconceptions about the neonatal ICU; but sometimes it becomes necessary to keep a critically ill baby in the ICU to save their lives.
Why is it needed?
Newborns who are born prematurely, have low birth weight, and have breathing problems or other complications are kept in a warmer or incubator in the ICU to maintain normal body temperature.
These children are monitored to see if their breathing is maintaining the oxygen levels. Oxygen or artificial respiration is given as needed. They are given various medicines to boost their immunity. Phototherapy is provided for those with severe jaundice.
If a child has a birth defect, it is necessary to prepare for surgery. It is also useful for giving the appropriate dose of antibiotics if there is a bacterial infection in the blood or pneumonia.
How many days do you need to stay?
The length of time a newborn needs to stay in the ICU depends on the severity of the complications. If the illness is mild, some newborns can be discharged after three to four days. However, some newborns may need more time, depending on their weight and physical complications.
Food while in the ICU
Usually, the baby’s digestive system needs to be monitored for the first day or two. Then, if everything is fine, small amounts of breast milk are gradually started, along with saline for nutrition. At some point, the newborn is allowed to suck breast milk directly, based on the condition.
What problems could arise in the future?
This is a misconception. If the early and important complications are treated at the right time in the newborn stage, he can live a full and healthy life in the future. If treatment is not given on time, the complications can increase.
