The Captopril is a drug that can inhibit a number of biological effects found at the base of the onset of ‘hypertension .Specifically, this drug is able to inhibit the activity of the ACE enzyme, necessary to convert angiotensin I into its active metabolite (angiotensin II), thus preventing a series of effects – such as peripheral vasoconstriction and hydrosaline retention. – which are the basis of arterial hypertension.
The antihypertensive efficacy of this active ingredient seems to be supported also by the inhibition of the activity of kininase II, an enzyme that is responsible for the deterioration of some molecules, such as bradykinin, which have a vasodilatory function. In addition to the antihypertensive properties , several studies have also highlighted an action against left ventricular hypertrophy with an improvement in the ventricular contractile function.
What is captopril used for?
It is used in the treatment of arterial hypertension (both in monotherapy and in combination with other hypertensives), and this medicine can also be used in combination with diuretics, to also treat congestive heart failure. Several studies have also highlighted an action against left ventricular hypertrophy, with an improvement in ventricular contractile function.
Therefore, captopril is also used in post-infarction in patients with left ventricular dysfunction. It is also used in case of diabetic nephropathy in order to prevent the worsening of kidney damage.
How is captopril taken?
It is administered in the form of tablets.
Side effects of captopril
This drug is generally well tolerated. Among the side effects are listed:
- gastrointestinal complaints;
- dermatological disorders: itchy rash, skin rash, angioedema;
- changes in some blood values: neutrophilia, creatininemia, potassium.
Contraindications and warnings
Its use is contraindicated in pregnancy. In addition, since various studies have highlighted the secretion of ACE inhibitors in breast milk, breastfeeding should be discontinued during therapy. Its use is not recommended in case of aortic stenosis and severe renal impairment.
