Sodium bicarbonate. “Sodium bicarbonate” or “sodium carbonate “, also called ” sodium bicarbonate ” or ” sodium hydrogen carbonate “, is a white crystalline solid soluble in water, with a slight alkaline taste similar to that of sodium carbonate, of formula NaHCO3. It can be found as a mineral in nature or can be produced artificially.
Summary
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- 1 Physical properties
- 2 Obtaining
- 3 Reaction
- 4 Applications of baking soda
- 1 Industrial products
- 2 Medical uses
- 3 Other uses
- 5 Sources
Physical properties
Aggregation state: solid
Appearance: Crystal White
Density: 2,173 kg / m 3 , 2,173 g / cm 3
Molar mass: 84.0 g / mol
Melting point: 323.15 k (50 0C )
Decomposition point: 543.15 k (270 0C )
Refractive index: 1.3344
Obtaining
Through the Solvay process. Although it is used to obtain Na 2 CO 3 , it is possible to obtain sodium bicarbonate in one of the intermediate reactions. The process consists of the following reaction:
Na + + Cl – + NH 3 + H 2 O + CO 2 → NaHCO 3 (s) + NH 4 + + Cl –
In which the sodium bicarbonate precipitates.
Reaction
In the presence of a moderately strong acid, it decomposes into carbon dioxide and water. The reaction is as follows:
- NaHCO 3+ HCl → NaCl + H 2 O + CO 2 (gas)
- NaHCO 3+ CH 3 COOH → CH 3 COONa + H 2 O + CO 2 (gas)
As it has the ability to release carbon dioxide, it is used together with acidic compounds as a leavening additive in bakeries and in the production of soft drinks. Some bread yeasts contain “baking soda”. Formerly it was used as a carbon dioxide source for the “Coca Cola” soda.
Baking soda applications
- Baking soda is mainly used in baking, where it reacts with other components to release CO 2, which helps the dough rise, giving it flavor and volume. Acidic compounds that induce this reaction include potassium bitartrate (also known as cream of tartar ), lemon juice, yogurt, acetic acid .
Fire extinguisher
- In detergents, as in swimming pools, “sodium bicarbonate” acts as a barrier maintaining an adequate pH for optimal water balance and cleaning effectiveness. In soda jet the “baking soda” provides environmentally friendly and effective removal and cleaning of paint and graffiti compared to alternative products. In fire extinguishers, when “baking soda” is sprayed on a flame, carbon dioxide is released which transforms into a blanket that prevents oxygen from feeding the fire.
- As an alkalinizing agent that acts in combination with saliva in coking, so that the extraction of metabolites from the coca leaf is smoothed and produced , thereby making coking a pleasant and lasting process in contrast if not used baking soda. Baking soda is to coca what sugar is to coffee, so that in the mountainous areas of Peru , Bolivia and Northern Argentina (where coking is practiced) bicarbonate consumption is high.
Industrial products
- Exhaust gas desulfurization.
- Drilling applications.
- Cleaning agent.
- Water treatment.
- Barrier in swimming pools.
Medical uses
- Gargling baking soda prevents the flu and throat infections
- A bicarbonate soaking tub eliminates vaginal yeast infections.
- Take with water as an antacid to avoid heartburn and heartburn. * Mix with vinegar and put in the stings of bees or other insects .
- Make a paste with water for ant or spider bites .
- Put on the skin exposed to poisonous wound to extract the poison and dry the wound.
- Helps heal sores.
Other uses
- Put in the garden to know the acidity of the earth (if it bubbles, it is too acidic).
- Mix with glue to make a crack filler.
- Spread it out between the wet pages of the books and then dry them in the sun.
- Mixed with boiling water it helps to unclog pipes.
- It is used in fabric softener.
- To kill fleas , mix with salt and spread over all rugs.
- Place in the refrigerator to avoid the bad smell caused by humidity.
- Use instead of talc to avoid bad odor on the feet.
- Mix baking soda with crazy glue to fill the cracks in the wood and porcelain.
- Neutralizes battery acid quickly in case it leaks.
- It is also used as a dental bleach since it polishes the enamel surface.
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