Hair removal, epilation, and laser: what are the differences?
Although they are often used synonymously, hair removal and epilation have very different meanings.
Depilation refers to the removal of the hair shaft, the part of the body that emerges from the surface of the skin. It’s a superficial removal, not involving the hair root, and therefore offers temporary results. Among the most common hair removal techniques are shaving and depilatory creams: quick, painless methods, but with a very limited lifespan, as the hair visibly grows back within a few days.
Epilation , on the other hand, works in depth and removes hair from the root, directly affecting the hair bulb. Techniques such as waxing , epilators, tweezers, or threading fall into this category: they are more uncomfortable than hair removal, but guarantee longer-lasting results, even if they are still temporary.
Pulsed light or laser hair removal , on the other hand, represents a more advanced approach. Both techniques use light energy, converted into heat, to specifically damage the melanin contained in the hair follicle, compromising its ability to grow new hair.
The main difference lies in the type of light used : pulsed light is polychromatic (it emits multiple wavelengths), while laser emits a single, more powerful and precise wavelength. Laser is therefore more effective, requires fewer sessions, and can only be used by trained medical personnel.
What is laser hair removal and how does it work?
The Alexandrite laser is one of the most effective and widely used laser hair removal devices and is available at Humanitas Medical Care Arese. It emits light with a wavelength of 755 nanometers, which is particularly selective for melanin and suitable for light skin with dark hair . This type of laser allows for targeted, high-powered action, ideal for treating large areas of the body quickly and precisely. Advanced cooling systems also reduce discomfort during treatment.
The operating principle of laser hair removal is based on selective photothermolysis. The emitted laser beam strikes the melanin contained in the hair follicle, converting the light into heat. The heat selectively damages the cells responsible for hair growth, without damaging the surrounding tissue.
The treatment is only effective during the active hair growth phase (anagen), which is why multiple sessions spaced out over time are necessary to target the hairs that are in the anagen phase at the time of the session. Typically, after about three sessions, an 80% hair reduction is observed in the treated area.
What are the benefits of laser hair removal, besides hair removal?
In addition to ensuring a progressive reduction of hair, laser hair removal also has several dermatological and functional benefits.
The skin appears smoother and more even , even in areas where there was a rough or stippled appearance caused by the follicles; the inflammation of the follicles, very common with other hair removal and epilation methods, will be drastically reduced. Likewise, ingrown hairs will also be reduced .
How to prepare for laser hair removal?
To ensure the effectiveness of the treatment, it is necessary to observe some rules in the preparation phase:
- avoid tearing methods (waxing, tweezers, electric epilators) in the 20 days prior;
- use the razor the day before or on the day of the session . The hair must be present in the follicle but not visible on the skin’s surface;
- avoid sun exposure and tanning , which can increase the risk of side effects and decrease the selectivity of the treatment;
- do not apply photosensitizing creams or perfumes in the days leading up to the procedure.
How does a session take place and how long does it last?
The duration of the session depends on the size of the area being treated. Small areas like the upper lip may require only a few minutes; larger areas, like the legs or back, may require up to 30–45 minutes.
The number of sessions also varies based on the area treated, the patient’s skin type, and individual response. On average, 4 to 6 sessions are required, spaced 4 to 8 weeks apart. The interval is determined by the dermatologist based on the hair growth cycle in different areas of the body. It’s important to respect these intervals to target the largest possible number of active follicles.
Is laser hair removal permanent?
Laser hair removal guarantees permanent hair reduction , but it cannot be considered “permanent removal” in the strictest sense. Inactivated follicles do not grow back, but under certain conditions (especially hormonal), new follicles can be activated over time. In these cases, touch-up sessions may be necessary, not because the treatment has failed, but because new hairs simply appear.
Is laser hair removal painful?
Alexandrite laser treatment is generally well tolerated. Modern medical devices are equipped with integrated cooling systems, which minimize thermal discomfort during the session. The sensation can range from a slight tingling to a warm sensation, and depends on the area treated, individual skin sensitivity, and the power used.
What to do after the session?
In the days following treatment, the affected hairs will spontaneously fall out: this phenomenon can last up to 6 weeks. Temporary redness may occur, which is completely normal and disappears within a few hours. It is essential to follow your doctor’s instructions and protect your skin from the sun. Moles must be protected during the session.
Can laser hair removal be done in the summer?
Sun exposure can interfere with the effectiveness and safety of treatment, as the laser targets melanin. On tanned skin, this increases the risk of side effects and reduces targeting accuracy. In the summer, only areas not exposed to the sun can be treated , and strict precautions must be taken, such as the daily use of high-protection sunscreen.
Why choose Humanitas Medical Care for laser hair removal?
It’s important to emphasize that laser hair removal treatment performed in a medical setting offers superior guarantees in terms of safety, efficacy, and customization. In a medical center, the treatment is performed under the supervision of a dermatologist, who can evaluate the patient’s complexion, hair type, and medical history (e.g., medication, hormonal changes, moles, or tattoos) and choose the most appropriate wavelength, intensity, and modality to achieve optimal results with minimal risk.
In terms of effectiveness, the Arese medical center uses an Alexandrite laser , a device that, thanks to the experience of specialists, allows the desired areas to be treated with greater power. Scientific studies [1] have demonstrated an 80% reduction in hair after just 3 sessions. In practice, by carrying out the treatment in a medical center you benefit from the specialist experience of dermatologists, clinical-grade technologies, but also dedicated safety protocols.
When laser hair removal can be beneficial for your skin’s health
In addition to its aesthetic function, the laser can have a therapeutic role for some dermatological problems, such as in cases of chronic folliculitis (recurrent inflammation of the hair follicles), in which permanent hair removal reduces flare-ups and the risk of infections.
The treatment may also be indicated for those who suffer from ingrown hairs or post-depilation irritation , helping to improve the appearance of the skin and prevent inflammation.
In some situations, such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) or other hormonal disorders that cause hirsutism , laser hair removal can be an integral part of the treatment plan, contributing to the patient’s physical and psychological well-bei
