The purpose of terrorist groups is to create panic among the people. They intend to keep people in constant fear and for this purpose they carry out various major and minor terrorist activities from time to time.
There are about 100 terrorist organizations operating in India and they have succeeded in creating an atmosphere of tension in the country. Many terrorist activities have been carried out by these terrorist groups. India has also been affected by terrorist actions carried out by its neighboring countries, mainly Pakistan.
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Some main active terrorist groups in India
Here are some of the major terrorist groups operating in India:
Jaish-e-Muhammad: It is a Pakistan based terrorist group operating in Jammu and Kashmir. It aims to capture Jammu and Kashmir and has provoked a number of terrorist attacks in the Valley to further its objective.
Lashkar-e-Taiba: It is an Islamic terrorist group operating in Pakistan and even in the Jammu and Kashmir region of India. It is said to be funded by Pakistan and responsible for carrying out several major terrorist attacks in India.
Maoist: This terrorist group was formed in the year 2004 after talks between left wing terrorists and the Indian government by the merger of Naxalite groups.
United Liberation Front of Assam : This terrorist group is responsible for carrying out various terrorist activities in the Indian state of Assam.
Ironically, even though these terrorist groups prohibit bomb blasts and other terrorist activities carried out by them, most of the times the government is not able to reach them and take necessary action against them.
Terrorism in India
There are several reasons for widespread spread terrorism in India. There are mainly four types of terrorism in India. This includes religious terrorism, narco terrorism, leftist terrorism and ethno-nationalism. While terrorists belonging to different terrorist cells may come together for different reasons, the main objective of all terrorist cells operating under them is the same and is to ensure widespread fear and terror among the general public.
The main causes of terrorism in India are:
Religion: India is a country of diverse religions. While people belonging to different religions largely live in the country with peace and harmony, there are many religious extremists whose purpose is to create a rift between them. These groups boast about the teachings of their religion and try to prove that it is superior to others.
Many violent movements by these groups in the past have disrupted the peace and harmony of the country. Many people have been injured and many others have been killed in such outbreaks.
Ethno-nationalism : This type of terrorism is instigated by extremist groups. This is when a large part of the population of a state expresses its desire to break up and form its own separate state / country. The Khalistan movement in Punjab is an example of this type of terrorism.
The beautiful Indian state of Kashmir is also suffering due to this type of terrorism because some Kashmiri Islamic groups want Kashmir to become a part of Pakistan. Similarly, Nagaland, Tripura, Assam and Tamil Nadu also suffer due to this type of terrorism.
Political scenario : Dissatisfied with the country’s political system, some terrorist groups are formed to threaten the government. Left-wing extremists in India are known as Naxalites, due to which they have been invited. Naxalites are deeply disappointed by the political system in the country.
He has carried out several terrorist attacks in the past and aims to overthrow the government with an armed revolution. They intend to bring their own kind of government.
Socio-economic disparity: India is known for its socio-economic disparity. The rich in the country are getting richer and the poor are getting poorer day by day. This creates a sense of inequality among the poor class who join terrorist cells to destroy the upper class people. They carry out terrorist attacks in mostly posh areas and target celebrities and those in power.
Effects of terrorism in India
Terrorism has had a wide impact on the country. Here’s a look at the impact of terrorism in India:
Panic in people: Terrorism in India has caused panic among general public. Now all the time there is explosion, firing or any other type of terrorist activity in the country. Due to this, many people die prematurely and many others become disabled for their lives. Each of these attacks creates an atmosphere of tension and anxiety among the general public. People are afraid to go out of their homes after such attacks.
Impact on Tourism Industry : People are afraid to visit places which are prone to terrorist attacks. The tourism industry in India is threatened by the peace of the country due to terrorist activities carried out by different terrorist groups within the country as well as outside. The tourism industry looks deep for several months, especially after the terrorist attacks.
Foreign Investment: Foreign investors think twice before investing in India and other nations are victims of terrorism. This is because the risk involved is quite high. They look for safe alternatives. Indian businesses have suffered a lot due to this.
Damaged Economy: Terrorism has an adverse effect on India’s economy. Many Indian cities are vulnerable to major terrorists
Global Rule: Terrorism is not limited to India only, but is a global problem. The formation of terrorist groups in various countries is more or less in India. The reasons mainly include socio-economic inequality, discrimination / segregation, dissatisfaction with the functioning of the ruling party, religious extremism and ethnic nationalism.
Almost every country in this world is suffering from one or the other problems mentioned above and due to this various terrorist cells have been formed within these countries. These terrorist cells periodically carry out terrorist attacks within the country, creating an atmosphere of fear among the general public.
The rivalry between different countries gives rise to international terrorism. This feeling of rivalry or hatred may arise due to differences in religious sentiments, economic disparity, lack of aid to developing nations, and more. The attacks on Pakistan by India and attacks on various other nations by Pakistan are a clear example of international terrorism.
Countries like Pakistan, Syria, India, Russia, Egypt, Iraq, Libya, Nigeria, Israel, Philippines, Colombia, Somalia, Thailand, Turkey, Yemen and Nepal have come under the grip of many terrorist attacks in the last two decades. They are suffering from both domestic as well as international attacks. The 9/11 incident in the United States has been one of the most heinous and major terrorist attacks on the First World country.
Terrorist attacks in india
India has witnessed many terrorist attacks which have caused great fear and mass destruction among the public. Here are some major terrorist attacks that hit India in the last few years:
- 1991 Punjab murders
- 1993 Bombay Bomb Blast
- 1993 RSS bombing in Chennai
- 2000 Church bombing
- 2000 Red Fort terrorist attack
- 2001 Attack on Indian Parliament
- 2002 Mumbai bus bombings
- 2002 attack on Akshardham temple
- 2003 Mumbai bombings
- 2004 Dhemaji School bombed in Assam
- 2005 Delhi bombings
- 2005 Indian Institute of Science Shooting
- 2006 Varanasi bombings
- 2006 Mumbai train bombings
- 2006 Malegaon bombings
- 2007 Samjhauta Express bombings
- 2007 Mecca Masjid bombing
- 2007 Hyderabad bombing
- 2007 Ajmer Dargah bombed
- 2008 Jaipur bombings
- 2008 Bangalore Serial Blast
- 2008 Ahmedabad bombings
- 2008 Delhi bombings
- 2008 Mumbai Attack
- 2010 Pune Bombing
- 2010 Varanasi bombing
- 2011 Mumbai bombings
- 2011 Delhi Bombing
- 2012 Pune Bombing
- 2013 hyderabad blast
- 2013 Srinagar attack
- 2013 Bodhgaya bombing
- 2013 Patna bombings
- 2014 Chhattisgarh attack
- 2014 Jharkhand Blast
- 2014 chennai train bombing
- 2014 Assam violence
- 2014 Church Street Bomb Blast, Bangalore
- 2015 Jammu Attack
- 2015 Gurdaspur attack
- 2015 Pathankot attack
- 2016 Uri attack
- 2016 Baramulla Attack
- 2017 Bhopal Ujjain Passenger Train Bombing
- 2017 Amarnath Yatra Attack
- 2018 Sukma Attack
Organizations fighting terrorism in India:
Many police, intelligence and military organizations in India have formed special agencies to fight terrorism in the country.
Anti Terrorism Squad (ATS) : The Anti Terrorism Squad (ATS) operates in the Indian states of Maharashtra, Gujarat, Kerala, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar and Rajasthan. It is a special police force that has stopped many terrorist attacks in India. It has adopted several special strategies to curb terrorism.
Research and Analysis Wing (RAW) : Established in the year 1968, RAW is India’s foreign intelligence agency. It is involved in neutralizing terrorist elements that are a threat to the country, promoting counter proliferation and protecting India’s nuclear program.
National Investigation Agency (NIA): This agency has been set up by the Government of India to fight terrorism in the country. It came into existence after the unfortunate 2008 Mumbai terror attacks. It is empowered to take action against terrorist groups / activities in any Indian state without obtaining any special permission from the states.
Conclusion:
India has been adversely affected by terrorism. It is sad to see thousands of innocent people going away due to terrorist attacks. Despite the formation of anti-terrorist agencies and their high-end strategies, terrorist groups still succeed in carrying out terrorist activities.
The Indian government’s response to terrorist attacks has never been as harsh as it should have been. It lacks proper strategic response to terrorist activities and encourages terrorist cells to carry out such activities fearlessly.
