Bismuth subitrate . Chemical element of the periodic table whose symbol is Bi, its atomic number is 83 and is found in group 15 of the periodic system.
Summary
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- 1 Properties
- 1 Non-radioactive element
- 2 Characteristics of bismuth
- 3 Industrial applications
- 4 Medical applications
- 2 Source
Properties
Known as Basic Bismuth Nitrate, White from Spain , Pearl White and Bismuth Oxynitrate is a basic salt that contains a percent of Bismuth Oxide (Bi 2 O 3 ) that varies according to the obtaining procedure.
It is a typical metal from the chemical point of view. In compounds, it has valences of +3 or +5, with trivalent bismuth compounds being more stable. There are several nitrates, especially bismuth nitrate, Bi (NO3) 3, or bismuth trinitrate, and its pentahydrate, Bi (NO3) 3 • 5H 2O, which breaks down into bismuth nitrate. This is also known as bismuth oxynitrate, bismutyl nitrate, pearl white and Spain white, and is used in medicine and cosmetics.
Bismuth expands upon solidification, this strange property makes it an ideal metal for foundries. Some of its alloys have unusually low melting points. It is one of the most strongly diamagnetic substances (difficulty in magnetizing itself). It is a poor conductor of heat and electricity, and its electrical resistance can be increased in a magnetic field, a property that makes it useful in instruments to measure the strength of these fields. It is opaque to X-rays and can be used in fluoroscopy.
Non-radioactive element
Among non-radioactive elements, bismuth has the highest atomic number and atomic mass (208.98). It has a melting point of 271 ° C, a boiling point of 1,560 ° C and a density of 9.8 g / cm³.
Periodic table of the chemical elements
Bismuth will be the last element to disintegrate in the universe. The element’s half-life is estimated at 20 trillion years.
If obtained by pouring the Bismuth Nitrate solution into water containing sodium hydroxide, the compound responds to the formula
6Bi 2 O 3 .5N 2 O 5 + 9H 2 O and contains 80% Bi 2 O 3 .
If the preparation is carried out by the same procedure, without sodium hydroxide , the compound responds to the formula BiONO 3 + 5H 2 O, with a content of 76% of Bi 2 O 3 .
Characteristics of bismuth
- Crystalline, odorless and almost tasteless powder.
- Unalterable in light.
- Almost insoluble in water, with which it has an acid reaction.
- Insoluble in alcoholand glycerin .
- Soluble in hydrochloric acid, nitric acid and sulfuric acid moderately concentrated.
- Decomposes at 260 o
It must be kept out of the action of ammonia and sulfhydric compounds.
Industrial applications
- Perfumery and cosmetics.
- Glazes for ceramics.
- Firing of gilding on ceramicobjects .
Medical applications
- Control of diarrheathat affects pets.
- Analytical reagent.
