Autonomy . It is that power that certain territorial entities have to be governed by their own rules, within the framework of a General Staff. It is said that a jurisdiction enjoys autonomy when it governs itself and in which no external power has power over it. In the context of law, the word autonomy enjoys a special participation, it is designated as the capacity of the individual to dictate their own moral norms and constitutes a basic principle in private law, because it starts from the need for the legal system to train individuals to establish legal standards according to their free will.
Summary
[ hide ]
- 1 On the theories of autonomy there are two essential rules
- 2 Autonomous actions
- 3 Areas to promote autonomy
- 1 Self-care
- 2 Self-direction
- 3 Communication
- 4 Functional academic skills
- 5 Social skills
- 6 Leisure and free time
- 7 Personal health and safety
- 8 Work
- 9 Community use
- 10 Home life
- 4 Sources
On the theories of autonomy there are two essential rules
- Freedom (act independently)
- Being an agent (acting intentionally)
Autonomous actions
They are analyzed based on their agents, who act:
- Willfully
- With knowledge
- In the absence of external influences that seek to control and determine the act.
Some people maintain that autonomy is incompatible with the authority of the church , the state, or any other community that legislates the decisions of individuals . Every autonomous person must act on the basis of their own criteria, and that to be subjected or to govern implies losing it.
Areas to promote autonomy
Self care
It includes all adaptation skills related to personal autonomy in grooming, eating, hygiene and physical appearance. From a very young age, it should make it easier for children to dress, choose clothes, eat alone and have an interest in being well groomed, combed and neat. Although at first they may not know how to do it very well, little by little, they will advance in dexterity and ability.
Self-direction
Skills related to self-regulation of one’s own behavior, understanding personal choices, schedule tracking, task completion, autonomous task resolution, seeking help when needed, etc. That is, adults must organize well and then, by example, make children understand how important such planning is. Everyone must respect the times of food, sleep and play . If it is time to collect the toys , they are all placed, although at first they need accompaniment. In the event that they do not want to, they choose although in advance they have been told that they will not be able to move on to another activity until they do so. This is said once, in a calm and sharp tone.
Communication
Understand the abilities to understand and transmit information through behaviors and basic communication skills. You must constantly put children in a position to communicate what they want, do not go ahead to express or give them what they need. Speech is learned by imitation, therefore, you must speak a lot and verbalize all the actions since they facilitate understanding by the child.
When they already know how to speak a little, it is very interesting that they start in theater activities, which will help them in vocalization, memory, expression and communication skills in general.
Functional academic skills
Referring to instrumental school learning and applied to life ( reading , writing , calculation, knowledge of natural and social sciences) so necessary for a subsequent autonomous functioning.
Social skills
It includes interpersonal social exchanges (initiation, maintenance and termination of interactions), identifying the social context in which it participates, recognizing feelings , controlling impulses, helping and cooperating with others. Children must learn to lose fear and be able to initiate conversations to participate in games with children they do not know in the playground or at school . They should know that if they treat everyone with respect , they will be respected and that this is how things are achieved. They must also learn to behave within society (wait turns to speak, when the elders speak, the children are silent and do not bother …), learn empathy understanding others in their problems and requests, and learning not to impose my wishes above all else, etc.
Leisure and free time
Develop varied interests in leisure and satisfaction at home, in the community and appropriate participation in games and leisure social situations. Not only must the most varied leisure offers possible be presented to children (in all fields: sport , art , culture , fun with friends) but it must be ensured that they are gratifying and interesting for them, controlling each of the steps that give. When they reach adolescence, real problems can occur if this stage is not carried out properly.
Personal health and safety
They are those skills related to maintaining health (habits, medical check-ups, accident prevention , first aid …) and relationships with self-defense against aggressive behaviors towards oneself (knowing how to deal with situations of both physical and psychic, for example, at school They must know how to say NO when they do not want something that harms them (avoiding drugs in the future), with security and conviction.
Job
Skills related to the performance of a job and all that it entails: meeting schedules, completing a task, accepting criticism, managing money , resources. This is already learned from school, making them responsible for always arriving on time, not going to bed if all the school work is not done , the taste for what is well done, knowing how to learn from mistakes, exercising constructive criticism, etc.
Community utilization
Regarding the proper use of community resources, transportation, shopping centers, recreational areas, medical services. All this leads to teaching them to use different resources, knowing where to go when something is needed, how to relate to the different people who serve them (say hello upon arrival, ask for things please, know how to thank, say goodbye correctly, treat with respect, no scream, know how to behave).
Home life
Skills that allow autonomy at home: meal preparation, shopping planning, clothing care, etc. From a very young age, they should be taught to make meals (learn the dangers of the kitchen: fire, knives, etc., and the fun of it), make the bed, fold, put the clothes in the washing machine , leave the room collected, etc. .
