Infix . The significance of infixes is not strictly lexical, but dimensional, referring to size or degree of estimation, which is why they are also called appreciatives or estimates and cannot transform one category of words into another, or add new semantic nuances to a lexeme .
Summary
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- 1 Definition
- 2 Features
- 3 Infixes in verbs
- 4 Increment
- 5 Most Used Infixes
- 6 Bibliography
Definition
Infixes are morphological elements – facultative morphemes – that are used to form augmentatives, diminutives and derogatory ones. They do not change the nature of the basic word , they only add certain differentiating nuances that may indicate increase, decrease, affective or contemptuous meaning.
Characteristics
- Infixes have a quantifying character and generally take the form vowel + consonant (or consonants).
- They are inserted into the word in a fixed place: between the lexeme and the constitutive formants or morphemes.
- They can appear in nouns , adjectives , verbs, and adverbs .
- The term derived by infixation has the same designative value as the base and the only difference between them is of an appreciative nature.
- Generally the forms of infixes are distinguished as expressive of increase, decrease or contempt, but this meaning is not exclusive in all cases: some augmentatives such as Muchachotecan also indicate appreciation or affection; sometimes diminutives are used to express feelings of sympathy, tenderness, or compassion ; and some infixes that are generally used as derogatory can also indicate an affective nuance.
Infixes in verbs
The infixation in the verbs can lead to modify the conjugation:
- raining / raining iznar
- bite / bite iscar
- sleep / slept itar
In the first two examples, to rain and bite belong to the second conjugation, but to drizzle and nibble, to the first. In the third example, sleep is included in the third conjugation, but doze is included in the first.
Increase
Sometimes the infix is lengthened for euphony reasons or in order to maintain certain characteristics of the phonemes that make up the word. This increase has been called increase:
- garden / garden cito
- woman / woman zuela
- flower / flower ecilla
- count / count cito
- fish / pec ecito
- king / king ezuelo
- street / street juela
Most used infixes
- ac: libr aco, pajarr ac o
- ach: corp acho, hil ach a
- astr: father astro, madr astr a
- az: dog azo, man az a
- eg: animal ego, horse eg o
- ic: gat ico, booklet ic a, borr ic o
- ill (cill, ecill): perr illo, paper ill o, woman cill a, flower ecill a
- in: nebl ina, men in a, corbat in es, first aid kit in es, briefcase in es
- it (cit, ecit): now ita, perr it o, niñ it o, bad it o, boy it o, woman cit a, flower ecit a
- on: cas ona, Muchach on as, blus on es, mujer on a
- ot: grand ote, dog ot e, boy ot e, word ot a
- uc: bad uco, old uc a, cas uc a
- uch: thin ucho, medic uch o, puebl uch o, hotel uch o, cas uch a
- uel (zuel, ezuel): pill uelo, hoj uel a, woman zuel a, king ezuel o
- uz: gent uza, gallar uz a
