Bone and joint injuries: physical education summary. Schematic summary of the different types of bone and joint injuries.The skeleton is the complex system made up of bone segments that enter into relation with each other through the joint system.
Bones are the rigid framework of our body. In long bones the shaft is called diaphasis while the two ends are called proximal epiphysis and distal epiphysis respectively.
THE JOINTS
A joint is the point where two bone ends come into contact without touching. The movement of two bones is allowed by a contraction of the muscles which, passing over the joint, are connected from one body of two bones to the other by means of tendons. Each joint has its own specific function.
THE TRAUMAS
In the space between the joints we find the synovial fluid that acts as a lubricant which is enclosed in a membrane called synovium. Traumatology is the science that studies physical traumas, in fact a trauma is an external event that damages our body. If the event came from the inside it would be called disease.
Traumas are divided into two groups:
Osteo-articular trauma:
- trauma to the bone body;
- joint trauma.
Soft tissue trauma.
Traumas to the bone body are divided into:
- infraction: an injury that only partially damages the bone without passing through the body;
- fracture: a break that passes through the entire body.
Joint injuries are divided into:
- distortion : when the torsion (i.e. a movement) has been too sudden (i.e. forced), or a weight has been applied to the joint. These traumas do not modify the morphology of the bone.
- subluxation : is the partial or temporary protrusion of one of the epiphyses (also called bone ends) from its original site.
- dislocation : is the protrusion of a bone from its original site.
