George Orwell . Pseudonym of Eric Arthur Blair . A prominent 20th century English writer, essayist, and journalist . It went down in the history of universal literature thanks to works such as 1984 published in ( 1949 ) and Rebellion at the Farm ( 1945 ), novels that still maintain their original force.
Summary
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- 1 Biographical synthesis
- 1 Education and early novels
- 1.1 Beginning of your writing career
- 2 During the Spanish Civil War
- 3 During World War II
- 4 Most popular works
- 1 Death
- 5 Posts
- 1 Works
- 2 Newspapers and others after his death
- 3 Tests
- 6 Sources
- 1 Education and early novels
Biographical synthesis
He was born on 25 of June of 1903 in Motihari , a British colony of India . Son of Ida Mabel Limouzin Balir and Richard Walmsley, Indian Civil Service official and administrator of the opium department of the Hindu government. He moved at a very young age with his mother and sisters to England .
Education and early novels
After passing through the St. Cyprien school, he obtained a scholarship to study at the Eton College, once he finished his studies in 1922 he was part of the English Imperial Police in Asia , which he served in Burma for five years.
Early career as a writer
After leaving the army, he returned to England in 1928 and wrote his first texts with little financial support. Years later, tired of the imperial situation published in 1934 Burmese Days (Burmese Days), which is a critical merciless against imperialism, and to some extent an autobiographical work.
Eric Blair became George Orwell in 1933 ; George, for Saint George, patron saint of England; Orwell, by a river he knew in his childhood He also thought that a last name that began with the letter “O” would give a better position to his books on the shelves of bookstores.
He lived several years in Paris and London , where he knew poverty; He lived in poverty, doing jobs of all kinds, from this difficult period of his life his novel Sin blanca en Paris and London was born, published in ( 1933 ), his first important work, where he narrates the difficult living conditions of people without home.
Get a job as a school teacher but is forced to leave because of health problems and goes to work as an assistant in a book shop second hand in Hampstead, an experience that partially recalls in the short novel Keep the Aspidistra hoisted (Keep the Aspidistra Flying) published in 1936 .
His next work, The Reverend’s Daughter ( 1935 ), is the story of a spinster who finds her place living among the peasants.
During the Spanish Civil War
Orwell served as an official and private in parts of Catalonia and Aragon from December of 1936 until June of 1937 , when after the events of May of that year, the political party in which he was was declared illegal organization and was forced to flee or face incarceration. In 1936 he was one of the volunteers who fought in the Republican Army during the Civil War Spanish (1936- 1939 ), his war experience picked them up in his interesting book Homage to Catalonia in ( 1938), personal account written in the first person and one of the most moving writings on this war.
During world war II
He supported himself by writing book reviews for the New English Weekly until 1940 . During World War II he was part of the Home Guard where he received the Defense Medal and performed on English radio. In 1943 he entered the newsroom of the daily Tribune , and later contributed regularly to the Observer . In this period he wrote many of his essays. His thoughts from those years have been recorded in his book Diario de guerra ( 1940 – 1942 ).
Upon returning to England, he was admitted to a sanatorium with tuberculosis , after which he went to Morocco to recover.
In 1937 he published his short story The Road to Wigan Pier , written around the same time, is a chronicle about the life of miners without work in the north of England. The first half is the result of his sociological investigations in Lancashire and Yorkshire . It begins by evoking the panorama of the copper mines. The second part is an extensive essay of his experiences and the development of his political consciousness, including a denunciation of the irresponsible elements of the left.
Most popular works
His most popular titles are Rebellion on the Farm ( 1945 ) and 1984 ( 1949 ). Both were instrumentalized in the US culture war against the USSR. The book The CIA and the Cultural Cold War by Frances Stonor Saunders tells how after Orwell’s death the CIA bought the rights to the 1984 film and Farm Rebellion from his widow . In Stonor Saunders’ book Orwell’s work for the FBI is revealed .
Among his other critical works, the studies he carried out on Charles Dickens stand out . His essays on problems of social policy have a frankness and insight unprecedented in English literature.
Death
He spends the last three years of his life between hospitals. He died of tuberculosis, 21 of June of 1950 in London , at the age of 46 years.