Dizziness is an incorrect awareness of one’s body in space or a sensation of imaginary rotation or movement of the body in space. In medicine, dizziness is divided into two main types: systemic and non-systemic .
Systemic dizziness is felt as a rotation of the body in space and is often described as a “carousel”, while non-systemic dizziness is similar to “rocking on a ship”, a feeling of instability, unsteadiness, invisible from the outside, a feeling of a pre-fainting state.
The main diseases that lead to systemic dizziness are:
- benign paroxysmal vertigo – when the otoliths in the inner ear begin to wander and irritate the receptors when the body changes in space;
- Meniere’s disease is again a pathology of the inner ear, in which there is an excessive accumulation of fluid (endolymph);
- vestibular neuronitis is often a viral lesion of the vestibular analyzer;
- vestibular migraine;
- less common: acoustic neuroma, stroke, multiple sclerosis.
The causes of non-systemic dizziness may be the above-mentioned conditions, as well as anxiety and depression, leading to PPPD – persistent postural-perceptual dizziness.
The presence of iron deficiency anemia and orthostatic hypotension often make themselves known by symptoms of darkening in the eyes and a feeling of instability with a sharp change in body position.
From the above, we can conclude that the term “dizziness” is not a simple diagnosis and its cause is not “clamped vessels”, “lack of oxygen” and “osteochondrosis”, but more fundamental and complex processes in our body.