Many of us have heard about Ohm’s law both in school, in physics classes and probably sometimes in everyday life. However, not many people know who is open to it and in which situations this law of physics can help us. Find out details about the physicist, but also when we can talk about this law.
What is Ohm’s law and how is it calculated?
The amount of constant current through a large number of materials is directly proportional to the potential difference or voltage between the materials. Thus, if the voltage V (in units of volts) between two ends of a wire of one of these materials is tripled, the current I (amperes) also triples, and the V/I coefficient remains constant.
The V/I ratio for a given piece of material is called its resistance, R, measured in units called ohms. The resistance of materials for which Ohm’s law is valid does not change over enormous ranges of voltage and current.
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Ohm’s law can be expressed mathematically as V/I = R. That the resistance, or the ratio of voltage to current, for all or part of an electrical circuit at a fixed temperature is generally constant has been established until 1827 as a result of the investigations of the German physicist Georg Simon Ohm.
Alternative statements of Ohm’s law show that the current I in a conductor is equal to the potential difference V across the conductor divided by the resistance of the conductor, or simply I = V/R, and that the potential difference across a conductor is equal to the product of current in the conductor and its resistance, V = IR.
In a circuit where the potential difference or voltage is constant, the current can be decreased by adding more resistance or increased by removing some resistance. Ohm’s law can also be expressed in terms of the electromotive force, or voltage, E, of the source of electrical energy, such as a battery. For example, I = E/R.
With modifications, Ohm’s law also applies to alternating current circuits, where the relationship between voltage and current is more complicated than for direct currents. Precisely because the current is variable, in addition to resistance, there are other forms of opposition to the current, called reactance.
The combination of resistance and reactance is called the impedance, Z. When the impedance, equivalent to the ratio of voltage to current, in an AC circuit is constant, a common occurrence, Ohm’s law applies. For example, V/I = Z. With further modifications, Ohm’s law was extended to the constant ratio of magnetomotive force to magnetic flux in a magnetic circuit.
The unit of measurement of electrical resistance is named after the physicist
Who was the physicist Ohm?
On March 16, 1789, the physicist Georg Simon Ohm was born, being the one who, following his research, also discovered the law that bears his name. The international unit of electrical resistance is named after him.
Ohm was born in Erlangen, being a passionate researcher starting to study, since he was a high school teacher, the galvanic cell, invented by Alessandro Volta. The physicist used equipment invented by himself, discovering the proportionality between the potential difference. electric current intensity and electric resistance.
This became known in the world of physics and implicitly in the scientific world since 1826. Even today it is known as the law of electrical conduction or, more simply, Ohm’s law. The physicist died on July 6, 1854.
