Khulafaur Rashidin: Understanding and Brief Biography – As a Muslim, we must know about the history or struggle of the Prophet’s caliphs. Well, here is alittle bit of knowledge.com about what Khulafaur Rashidin really is? and who belongs to the Khulafaur Rashidin group? Who are they? Let’s read more below.
Table of Contents [ hide ]
- 1Khulafaur Rashidin: A Brief Understanding and Biography
- 1Understanding Khulafaur Rashidin
- 2A Short Biography of Khulafaur Rashidin
- 2.11. Abu Bakar as-Siddiq ra. (11-13 H / 632-634 M)
- 2.22. Umar bin Khattab ra. (13-23 H / 634-644 M)
- 2.33. Usman bin Affan ra.
- 2.44. Ali bin Abi Thalib ra. (36-41 H / 656-661 M)
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Khulafaur Rashidin: A Brief Understanding and Biography
Let us first discuss the meaning of khulafaur rashidin first.
The meaning of Khulafaur Rashidin
Khulafaur Rashidin comes from two words Khulafa ‘ and Ar-Rashidin . Khulafa ‘means jama’ of the caliph who means “ substitute ”. Whereas Ar-Rashidin says ” get the hint .” So Khulafaur Rashidin was the successor to the clue.
Khulafaur Rashidin was the leader who replaced the duties of the Prophet. as head of state, head of government and leader of the people. As for his prophetic task, he cannot be replaced.
Allah Almighty. says in the Qur’an Surat Al-Ahzab verse 40:
Meaning: “ Muhammad was never the father of a man among you, but he was the Messenger of Allah and the seal of the prophets. And Allah is the All-knowing . ”
The Khulafaur Rashidin were very wise caliphs. They were the four companions of the Prophet who was elected leader of the Muslims after the death of Muhammad.
A Short Biography of Khulafaur Rashidin
As for the four caliphs:
1. Abu Bakar as-Siddiq ra. (11-13 H / 632-634 M)
His real name was Abdul Ka’bah. Then the apostle replaced it with the name of Abdullah. Learn more about Abdullah bin Abi Quhafah at-Tamimi. Born of the couple Usman (Abu Quhafah) son of Amir and Umm Khair Salma bint Sakhr who was from the Taim tribe, the tribe that gave birth to prominent figures.
From a young age, he was known for his gentleness, honesty and patience. Thus, during his teenage years, he became friends with the Messenger of Allah. He was known by the nickname Abu Bakr, and ” As-Siddiq ” was a title given by his companions, for he trusted and justified the Messenger of Allah. in everything.
Also Read: √ The Name of Heaven and Hell and Their Understanding (Full Discussion)
Abu Bakr was appointed caliphate by way of consultation between the Anshar people and the Muhajirin in the Saqifah Bani Sa’idah (meeting place in Medina). During his leadership, the caliphate of Abu Bakr achieved extraordinary achievements and achievements.
2. Umar bin Khattab ra. (13-23 H / 634-644 M)
Umar was 13 years younger than the prophet Muhammad. From an early age, he was known for his bold and intelligent nature. Never be afraid to speak the truth in front of anyone. So it is not surprising that when Umar bin Khattab converted to Islam, the ranks of Muslims were feared by the Quraysh infidels. Before converting to Islam, he was most courageous against Islam. But after converting to Islam, he was brave enough to face the enemies of Islam. So much so that it became a much-loved ” Wild Lion “.
Because of his firm personality and being very strong in fighting for the truth, society gave him the title ” al-Faruq ” which is to clearly distinguish between right and wrong.
During his reign Islamic territories expanded to Egypt, Iraq, Sham, and other Persian lands. Umar was the first to form the judiciary and perfect the government. Also continue Abu Bakr’s efforts in opening the Qur’an.
He died at the age of 63. Rule for 10 years and 6 months. He was killed by the sword of Abu Lu’lu’ah, a slave of al-Mughirah bin Syu’bah during Shubuh prayer.
3. Usman bin Affan ra.
Usman bin Affan was a wealthy merchant and a well-known writer. He was five years younger than the prophet Muhamad. Usman is known for being a quiet and commendable man of character. He did a lot of good deeds, so he got the title of ” Ghaniyyun Syakir “, a rich man who is very grateful to Allah Almighty.
Although he was a wealthy man, he was reluctant to go to war and never keep a distance from the lower classes. Because of the many good things he had done, he was married to the daughter of the Prophet Muhamad Ruqayyah. After the Ruqayyah died, he was married again to the daughter of the Prophet named Umm Kullsum. Therefore, he was nicknamed “ Dzun Nurain ” (who has two lights).
Also Read: Prayer: Its Meaning, Terms and Conditions
Usman bin Affan’s services include: copying and posting the Qur’an into several manuscripts. And he determined the recitation of the Qur’an to be uniform and simultaneous, there was no difference. Because his great work was very beneficial for Muslims, the manuscript was named ” Usman Mushaf ” as an award for his services. In addition, he also formed a navy, expanded Islamic territory, renovated the Nabawi mosque, and many others.
4. Ali bin Abi Thalib ra. (36-41 H / 656-661 M)
He was born in the city of Mecca on the 12th of Rajab 30th after the birth of Prophet Muhammad. His mother was named Fatimah daughter of Asad. Her mother gave her the name al-Haidarah which means Asad (lion), and her father replaced it with Ali.
He was raised and educated by Prophet Muhammad. He converted to Islam after Siti Khadijah. Because of his extraordinary courage, he earned the titles ” Lion of God ” and ” Karamallahu Wajhahu ” (may Allah bless his face).
He was the son of the Prophet’s uncle and the son-in-law of Prophet Muhammad. Ali bin Abi Talib entered Islam at a very young age and greatly helped the Prophet. After six days of the death of Usman bin Affan, he was appointed successor to Usman bin Affan’s struggle.
He worked on replacing less-skilled offices, improving the country’s finances (Jerusalem), advancing the field of linguistics, promoting development, putting an end to the uprising among Muslims and others.
The four caliphs in addition to continuing the struggle of the Prophet Muhammad in upholding the teachings of monotheism, were also successful in spreading the propagation and worship of the name of Islam. In carrying out his duties, the Khulafaur Rashidin always supported the Prophet’s leadership. His character and character as a community leader, head of state and head of government is reflected in his main qualities. The attributes of Khulafaur Rashidin include:
- Arif and wise
- Responsible and disciplined
- Extensive religious knowledge
- Dare to act and strong will.
Here is a brief overview, description and brief explanation of Khulafaur Rashidin: Understanding and Brief Biography , hopefully to help your friends develop knowledge for those who are unfamiliar with it and bring it back to mind. Thank you.
