Did you know that Treasury Direct can be an excellent alternative to build your emergency reserve?
We are all subject to unforeseen events. From a car that breaks down to a health emergency, anything can happen. But what if we are not prepared?
If you follow our portal, you already know the importance of having a financial mattress. What we also call an emergency reserve. But how to create this reserve using the direct treasure?
The best way to create this reserve is to invest in a fixed income and highly liquid product. The direct treasury fulfills these requirements well. Let’s understand here, the best way to make an emergency reservation and why the direct Treasury can help you with that.
What is the direct treasure
Born from a partnership between the National Treasury and BM&F Bovespa, the Treasury Direct sells federal government bonds to individuals over the internet.
The program has existed since 2002 and has democratized access to public bonds. Today, you can make applications for just R $ 30.00.
Before Tesouro Direto, it was only possible to invest in government bonds through fixed income funds. However, due to the rates applied, this investment was not very attractive.
Through the creation of Tesouro Direto, the financial market has greater diversification. This is because the Treasury itself offers several investment alternatives. You can make your investment by evaluating profitability criteria (preset, related to inflation or Selic rate variation), maturity terms and remuneration flows.
Tesouro Direto has good profitability, daily liquidity, and is still one of the lowest risk investments in the market. For these reasons, it can be an excellent opportunity for you to build your emergency reserve.
Direct treasure modalities
Now that you know what the direct treasure is, let’s see the best option for your goals.
Prefixed Treasury
In the prefixed treasure, you know exactly the profitability you will receive if you do not withdraw the money by the due date. If you believe that the Selic Rate will be lower than the preset amount, this may be an option for you.
In this category, we have two modalities that differ by just one detail: semi-annual earnings.
Prefixed Treasury (LTN)
In this product, you receive the invested amount plus the return on the security’s maturity or redemption date. That is, payment is made in one go, at the end of the application and you already know how much it will pay. To avoid losing money, the ideal is that you keep the investment until the scheduled end.
If you wish, you can sell the title in advance. However, the National Treasury will pay its market value. This means that the profitability may be lower or even higher than that contracted on the date of purchase.
Treasury prefixed with semiannual interest (NTN-F)
A good option if you want to use the income to supplement your income, as this method pays you interest every six months. What consists in anticipating the contracted profitability.
It is worth noting that in the payment of these semiannual income, there will be an incidence of income tax (IR).
IPCA Treasury +
This security has a fixed income part and another is linked to inflation. In other words, it pays the investor an interest rate fixed in the acquisition of the security, but includes an increase in the variation of official inflation that is measured by the IPCA.
This title is indicated for those who wish to form long-term savings, protecting themselves from inflation and maintaining their purchasing power in the future.
IPCA + Treasury with semiannual interest
It follows the same characteristics as the IPCA +, however, it pays the investor accrued interest in the period every six months.
It may be an option if you wish to complete your income. At the same time, you also protect yourself from inflation and maintain your purchasing power in the future.
Selic Treasury
This type of Treasury Direct has its income linked to the Selic rate, which is the basic interest rate of the economy. Therefore, it is a variable remuneration, as it will be defined after the moment of purchase of the security.
A good option for those who believe that the basic interest rate will remain stable, or may rise. It always yields positively, and because you have daily income, you never lose.
The Selic Treasury has low volatility, if you request a redemption before maturity, you do not lose money. This makes it an ideal option for building an emergency reserve.
What is an emergency reserve
It is an accumulated money that will cover your expenses for a period of at least 6 months in case of need.
Ideally, this reserve can keep you for up to 12 months, a period sufficient for you to reorganize yourself. However, it is up to you to decide what is most convenient for you.
How to make a financial reserve
First, you need to make a survey of your expenses. What is your monthly living cost? Prioritize essential expenses and set aside an extra margin just for safety.
That done, let’s assume that you want to make a reservation for 12 months, you multiply your monthly cost by 12. For example, if your expenses are R $ 4,000, you need to accumulate R $ 48,000. If your expenses add up to R $ 5,000, you must accumulate R $ 60,000 and so on.
The next step is to invest that money in a fixed income, with good liquidity. You can choose one of the Treasury options directly. The most used for this purpose is the Selic Treasury. You can choose other options, but be aware of the expiration so you don’t risk losing money.
Make a plan
It is important to schedule to start accumulating this money. How much can you invest from your income to this reserve? After setting the value, make it a goal and set a deadline to reach it.
A good option may be to create extra income to devote entirely to this goal. This way, you do not have to compromise your current income.
Commit to your goal
Anyone who has trouble making money knows that this process can be arduous. Therefore, view this accumulation phase as an essential expense.
Want a tip? Some brokers allow scheduling, this feature allows the investment to be made automatically.
Choose a good broker
On the Treasury Direct website, you can see a list of institutions authorized to make this intermediation. That is, who will represent you when investing.
Choose one that does not cover a brokerage fee to avoid compromising your profitability. Avoid doing this for your conventional bank, as there is always a fee embedded in these transactions.
When you purchase a title, it is linked to your name. If you have problems with the institution, you can change the institution and guarantee your investment.
Track results
Always track the results of your investment. Only then can you assess whether the investment meets your expectations. If there was non-compliance, try to adjust or change your strategies.
You can also count on a professional advisor. A financial coach can help you in an impressive way and even give you tips on how to reach your goal quickly.
Direct Treasury x Savings
When thinking about saving money, most people immediately think of the savings account and not the direct treasure.
However, this choice is a bad deal. Most of the time, people decide to save because of fear or lack of information.
According to Anbima’s Investor X-Ray report , published in 2019, of the 48% Brazilians who invested in financial products last year, 88% invested in savings.
In contrast, government bonds, which include direct treasury, account for only 3% of investment.
Despite savings being the most chosen product, it is by far the least profitable. This is because it competes with inflation and does not always win. The Selic Rate is below 8.50% per year, and therefore, savings have yielded only 70% of the annual Selic + TR, which today is equivalent to zero.
Another important point, the remuneration of savings is linked to the opening day of your account. What does that mean?
Here’s an example: if it is the 10th, and you withdraw the money on the 9th, you will not be entitled to the month’s earnings.
Tesouro Selic receives daily corrections. Despite this, it has some disadvantages such as taxation, with a decreasing rate that varies from 22.5% to 15%, custody fee of 0.3 aa, and IOF collection (Case redemption in the first month).
But if the objective is to build an emergency reserve, it still pays off more than savings. After all, in the long run, all fees are deducted by income. You will still benefit from compound interest.
