Nobel Prize: history and importance
The Nobel Prize was founded by Alfred Nobel, a famous chemist, engineer and innovator with a strong interest in literature, theater and peace work. He donated most of his wealth to future Nobel Prize winners in his final will. This honor is often considered the most respectable prize in the world.
The first woman to win the Nobel Prize
Marie Curie, a physicist and a chemist, was the first woman to receive a Nobel prize. In 1903, she was the shared recipient of the Nobel Prize for physics with Pierre Curie and Henri Becquerel for their research efforts on radioactivity. In the beginning, the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences was only about to name the men in the research group. However, one of the members of the committee was a supporter of women scientists and informed Pierre, who continued to protest against the lack of recognition of Marie. The committee added its name to the nomination and the team postponed the acceptance speech until 1905. Marie Curie became the first female professor at the University of Paris in 1906.
Saint Mother Teresa: Winner of the Nobel Peace Prize of 1979
Mother Teresa was born in 1910 in present-day Macedonia, where she became a nun and was later assigned as a teacher in India. She spent most of her life carrying out humanitarian efforts in India, where she died in 1997. The Catholic Church canonized her in September of 2016. She received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1979 after founding the organization: Missionaries for Charity. The organization was dedicated to the construction of homes for orphans and lepers and the provision of end-of-life care for terminally ill patients. Saint Mother Teresa has expanded the organization internationally over the years and since 1997, in addition to 4,000 nuns dedicated to the management of homes, hospices and charitable centers.
The young woman who conquered death
Malala Yousafzai, one of the most famous Nobel Prize winners, was born in Pakistan in 1997 and wrote a blog for the BBC, documenting her life under the influence of the Taliban and offering her opinion on the importance of education for the girls. Her work became popular and allowed her to become the subject of a documentary and participate in various interviews, both in person and on television. In 2012, she survived an attempted murder of the Taliban while she was returning home after school. One of the bullets, however, passed through her head and into her shoulder. She spent days in a state of unconsciousness, and when she improved, the medical staff transferred her to the Queen Elizabeth Hospital in England for rehabilitation.
Since then he has spoken to the United Nations, calling for greater access to education and received numerous awards and recognitions, including honorary Canadian citizenship. In 2014, her name entered the list of female Nobel Prize winners when she became the youngest recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize in history, recognized for her opposition to the suppression of children and young people and her struggle for rights educational programs for all children. education in Pakistan. Since then he has spoken to the United Nations, calling for greater access to education and received numerous awards and recognitions, including honorary Canadian citizenship. In 2014, her name entered the list of female Nobel Prize winners when she became the youngest recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize in history, recognized for her opposition to the suppression of children and young people and her struggle for rights educational programs for all children. education in Pakistan..
Nobel Prize winners for women: inspiration for women around the world.In a world where women suffer oppression and continue to fight for equal rights and opportunities, seeing a woman honored with a Nobel prize is a source of inspiration. Women are often under-represented in various social and academic fields. Women Nobel Prize winners give women hope for the future and provide girls with a model they can identify with.
Winners of the Nobel Prize for women: 1901 to 2015
Year | graduate poet | State | Category |
1903 | Marie Skłodowska Curie (shared with Pierre Curie and Henri Becquerel) | Poland and France | Physics |
1905 | Bertha von Suttner | Austria-Hungary | Peace |
1909 | Selma Lagerlof | Sweden | Literature |
1911 | Marie Skłodowska Curie | Poland and France | Chemistry |
1926 | Grazia Deledda | Italy | Literature |
1928 | Sigrid Undset | Norway | Literature |
1931 | Jane Addams (shared with Nicholas Murray Butler) | United States | Peace |
1935 | Irène Joliot-Curie (shared with Frédéric Joliot-Curie) | France | Chemistry |
1938 | Pearl S. Buck | United States | Literature |
1945 | Gabriela Mistral | Chile | Literature |
1946 | Emily Greene Balch (shared with John Raleigh Mott) | United States | Peace |
1947 | Gerty Theresa Cori (shared with Carl Ferdinand Cori and Bernardo Houssay) | United States | Physiology or Medicine |
1963 | Maria Goeppert-Mayer (shared with J. Hans D. Jensen and Eugene Wigner) | United States | Physics |
1964 | Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin | UK | Chemistry |
1966 | Nelly Sachs (shared with Samuel Agnon) | Sweden and Germany | Literature |
1976 | Betty Williams | UK | Peace |
1976 | Mairead Corrigan | UK | Peace |
1977 | Rosalyn Sussman Yalow (shared with Roger Guillemin and Andrew Schally) | United States | Physiology or Medicine |
1979 | Mother Teresa | India and Yugoslavia | Peace |
1982 | Alva Myrdal (shared with Alfonso García Robles) | Sweden | Peace |
1983 | Barbara McClintock | United States | Physiology or Medicine |
1986 | Rita Levi-Montalcini (shared with Stanley Cohen) | Italy and the United States | Physiology or Medicine |
1988 | Gertrude B. Elion (shared with James W. Black and George H. Hitchings) | United States | Physiology or Medicine |
1991 | Nadine Gordimer | South Africa | Literature |
1991 | Aung San Suu Kyi | Burma | Peace |
1992 | Rigoberta Menchú | Guatemala | Peace |
1993 | Toni Morrison | United States | Literature |
1995 | Christiane Nüsslein-Volhard (shared with Edward B. Lewis and Eric F. Wieschaus) | Germany | Physiology or Medicine |
1996 | Wisława Szymborska | Poland | Literature |
1997 | Jody Williams (shared with the international campaign to ban landmines) | United States | Peace |
2003 | Shirin Ebadi | Iran | Peace |
2004 | Elfriede Jelinek | Austria | Literature |
2004 | Wangari Maathai | Kenya | Peace |
2004 | Linda B. Buck (shared with Richard Axel) | United States | Physiology or Medicine |
2007 | Doris Lessing | UK | Literature |
2008 | Françoise Barré-Sinoussi (shared with Harald zur Hausen and Luc Montagnier) | France | Physiology or Medicine |
2009 | Elizabeth Blackburn (shared with Jack W. Szostak) | Australia and the United States | Physiology or Medicine |
2009 | Carol W. Greider (shared with Jack W. Szostak) | United States | Physics or Medicine |
2009 | Ada E. Yonath (shared with Venkatraman Ramakrishnan and Thomas A. Steitz) | Israel | Chemistry |
2009 | Herta Müller | Germany and Romania | Literature |
2009 | Elinor Ostrom (shared with Oliver E. Williamson) | United States | Economy |
2011 | Ellen Johnson Sirleaf | Liberia | Peace |
2011 | Leymah Gbowee | Liberia | Peace |
2011 | Tawakel Karman | yemen | Peace |
2013 | Alice Munro | Canada | Literature |
2014 | May-Britt Moser (shared with Edvard Moser and John O’Keefe) | Norway | Physiology or Medicine |
2014 | Malala Yousafzai (shared with Kailash Satyarthi) | Pakistan | Peace |
2015 | Tu Youyou (shared with William C. Campbell and Satoshi uramura) | China | Physiology or Medicine |
2015 | Svetlana Alexievich | Belarus | Literature |