Drought is a condition when there is no prolonged rain. The occurrence of drought is a common sight in many parts of the country. The consequences of this condition are harsh and at times irreversible.
Drought is a situation when parts of the world are deprived of rain for months or sometimes throughout the season. There are several reasons that cause drought-like conditions in various parts and prove fatal.
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Essay on sukha, drought essay in hindi (200 words)
Droughts that are characterized by prolonged or less rainfall absence in a particular region occur for a variety of reasons, including global warming, deforestation, and many other human activities. This climatic condition can have a devastating effect on the environment as well as living beings. Some of the effects of drought include crop failure, financial loss, price rise and soil erosion.
Large-scale destruction of crops and disruption of the normal functioning of the society have led to drought in many Indian states. Many people have also died due to starvation in many parts. In view of the adversities faced by the people in such areas, the Indian government has come up with various drought relief schemes, but more needs to be done to control the problem and deal with its after effects.
Some of the suggested measures in this direction are rainwater harvesting, recycling and reuse of water, controlling deforestation, desalination of sea water, cloud seeding, growing more plants and trees, preventing overall water wastage. However, most of these cannot be attained if the general public does not support the cause. Each should thus bear the responsibility of contributing his / her to curb the problem.
Essay on famine, famine essay in hindi (300 words)
Drought, which results in water scarcity, is mainly due to lack of rainfall. The situation is problematic and can prove fatal for those living in drought-prone areas. It is especially a curse for farmers because it destroys their crops. Constant drought-like conditions also make the soil less fertile.
Reason of drought
There are various factors that lead to exposure. Here is a detailed look at these reasons:
Deforestation: Deforestation is one of the main causes of rain deficiency that leads to drought. A substantial amount of trees and vegetation are required on the land to limit water evaporation, store sufficient water on the land, and attract rainfall.
In their place deforestation and construction of concrete buildings have created a huge imbalance in the environment. This reduces the ability of the soil to hold water and increases evaporation. Both these are the cause of low rainfall.
Low surface water flow: Rivers and lakes are the main sources of surface water in various regions around the world. In extreme summers or due to the use of surface water for various human activities, the water in these sources dries up.
Global Warming: Everyone knows the negative effects of global warming on the environment. Among other issues, the emission of greenhouse gases has led to an increase in the Earth’s temperature, resulting in an increase in evaporation. High temperatures are also a cause of forest fires that worsen drought conditions.
Apart from these, excessive irrigation is also one of the causes of drought as it drains surface water.
Conclusion:
Although the causes of drought are known on a large scale and are mostly the result of misuse of water resources and other non-eco-friendly human activities, little is being done to curb this problem. It is time that governments of different countries should join hands to overcome this global issue.
Essay on famine, essay on drought in hindi (400 words)
Preface:
Famine occurs when an area receives more or less than the average amount of rainfall due to lack of water, failure of crops, and disruption of normal activities. Various factors such as global warming, deforestation and construction of buildings have led to drought.
Famine Type:
While some areas are marked by a complete absence of rainfall over a long period of time, others receive less than the average amount of rainfall, others may still face drought for some part of the year – hence the drought Severity and type varies from place to place and from time to time. Here’s a look at the different types of drought:
Meteorological Famine: When there is a decrease in rainfall for a particular period of time in an area – it can be for a few days, months, seasons or years – it is said to be due to a weather related drought. An area in India is called a weather-related drought when the annual rainfall is 75% less than the average rainfall.
Hydrological famine: It is basically associated with water deficiency. Hydrological drought often results in two meteorological droughts. They are divided into two categories:
Soil moisture famine: As the name suggests, this situation involves insufficient soil moisture that hinders crop growth. This is a result of meteorological drought as it leads to less water supply in the soil and more water loss due to evaporation.
Agricultural famine: When meteorological or hydrological droughts negatively impact crop yield in a region, it is called agricultural drought.
Drought: This is called the most severe drought condition. People in such areas have no access to food and there is widespread starvation and devastation. The government needs to intervene in such a situation and food is supplied to these places from other places.
Socio-economic famine: This situation occurs when there is loss of income due to lack of availability of food and crop failure and social security and access to food for people in such areas are at risk.
Conclusion:
Drought is a difficult situation to deal with, especially when severity is high. Each year many people are affected by drought. While the occurrence of drought is a natural occurrence, we can certainly reduce human activities that give rise to such a situation. The government should take effective measures to deal with its effects.
Essay on drought, essay on drought in hindi (500 words)
Preface:
Drought, a condition caused by little or very little rainfall, is classified into various categories including meteorological drought, famine, socio-economic drought, hydrological drought and agricultural drought. Whatever the type of drought, it disturbs the normal functioning of the affected areas.
Drought Effects:
Drought-prone areas take a significant amount of time to recover from disaster, especially if the severity of the drought is high. Drought disrupts the day-to-day life of the people and has a wide impact on various areas. Here’s how this natural disaster affects the lives of people living in the affected area:
Agricultural losses: have a major impact on agriculture and other related sectors as they are directly dependent on land and surface water. Reduced crop yields, low rates of livestock production, increased plant disease and wind erosion are some of the major effects of drought.
Financial losses for farmers: Farmers are most affected by the drought. Crops are not produced in drought-affected areas and farmers whose sole income is through farming are the most affected by this situation. In an effort to meet their ends, many farmers drown in debt. Cases of farmer suicides due to such a situation are also common.
Wildlife at Risk: During drought, forest fire cases increase and this leads to a large population of wildlife. The forests burn down and many wild animals end their lives while others lose their shelter.
Price rise: Due to low supply and high demand, prices of various cereals, fruits, vegetables go up. The prices of those special fruits and vegetables resulting from foods such as jams, sauces and drinks also increase. In some cases, goods are imported from other places to meet the demands of the people and hence the price charged on the same is higher. Retail traders who provide goods and services to farmers also face financial losses due to low turnover.
Soil erosion: The soil loses moisture due to continuous drought and its quality deterioration. It takes a lot of time for some areas to gain the ability to produce crops.
Overall impact on the environment: Damage is caused by different species of plants and animals, erosion of landscape quality and biodiversity is affected. The quality of air and water is also affected due to drought. While some of these conditions are temporary, others may last long and may also be permanent.
Threats to Public Safety: Lack of food and increased prices of various commodities can lead to crimes such as theft and this may put public safety at stake. Conflicts may also occur between users of water causing tension among the general public.
Conclusion:
Drought is one of the most devastating natural disasters. Famine, which is the most severe form of drought, culminates in major social, economic and environmental damage to the affected areas.
Essay on drought a problem, essay on drought in hindi (600 words)
Preface:
Drought, a situation when some areas face shortage or lack of water due to rain, has been the cause of many problems in India. There are many areas in the country which are prone to drought every year, while some have to face it only occasionally.
Drought occurs due to various factors such as deforestation, global warming and insufficient surface water and has a serious impact on the lives of the people living in the affected areas as well as the general health of the environment.
Drought Areas in India:
Many areas in the country are hit by drought every year. Statistics show that about one-sixth of the total geographical area of the country where 12% of the population is dry.
Rajasthan is one of the driest states in the country. Eleven districts of this state are in the grip of drought. There is little rainfall or no rainfall in these areas and the ground water level is low. Drought is also a common occurrence in the state of Andhra Pradesh. Almost every district here is hit by drought every year.
Here is a look at some other areas of the country that face frequent droughts:
- Saurashtra and Kutch, Gujarat
- Coimbatore in Kerala
- Mirzapur Plateau and Palamu, Uttar Pradesh
- Kalahandi, Orissa
- Purulia, West Bengal
- Tirunelveli District, South of Vaigai River, Tamil Nadu
Possible solutions of drought
Rainwater collection: This is a technique for collecting and storing rainwater in tanks and natural reservoirs for later use. Rainwater harvesting should be made mandatory for all. The idea behind this is to use the available water.
Desalination of seawater: Desalination of sea water should be done so that vast amounts of water stored in the sea can be used for irrigation and other agricultural activities. The government should invest heavily in this direction.
Water Recycle: Wastewater must be purified and recycled for reuse. This can be done in a number of ways. Small steps such as installing rain barrels, collecting wastewater from RO systems, using shower buckets, saving water from wash water, and building rain gardens can help in this direction. The water collected by these means can be used to water the plants.
Cloud seeding: Cloud seeding is done to modify the weather. This is one way to increase the amount of rainfall. Potassium iodide, silver iodide, and dry ice are some chemicals that are used for cloud seeding. The government should invest in cloud seeding to avoid drought in areas affected by this situation.
Plantation: Deforestation and construction of concrete structures is one of the causes of scanty rainfall. Attempt should be made to plant more and more trees. This simple step can change the climatic conditions and also bring other positive changes in the environment.
Different Uses of Water : Each should be taken as a responsibility to prevent water wastage so that there is sufficient water availability even during low rainfall. The government should take steps to curb the use of water.
Campaign should be carried out: The government should conduct a campaign stating the benefits of rainwater harvesting, planting more trees and other measures that the general public can take to fight drought. This is a good way to spread awareness and control the problem.
Conclusion:
Although the government has implemented some drought relief schemes, these are not sufficient to overcome the huge problem of drought. It is important to take strong steps to avoid this problem. Everyone should contribute to control this problem.
