According to the information processing model of memory, there are three stages of memory: sensory registration, short-term memory, and long-term memory.
Sensory Registration
Information from the environment is first held in sensory registers for a fraction of a second and is then either discarded or passed on to short-term memory.Each Of the senses, such as vision and hearing, appears to have its own sensory register.
Short term memory
Short term memory has a limited capacity of about seven items. The amount of information held in short-term memory can be increased if inputs are organized into “chunks.”Short term memory is also called “working memory” because it is the memory Store that we work with when we answer questions or solve problems.Short-term memories last about twenty seconds at most without rehearsal. Information is either then forgotten or passed on to long-term memory.
Types of Memory In Psychology Is Discussed Here
Long-term memory
Long-term memory is the portion of the memory system that retains information for hours, days, years, or even a lifetime. It includes both declarative memory (memory for facts) and procedural memory (memory for actions or procedures).Information is transferred from short-term memory to long-term memory by en- coding—in effect, filing the information in our mental filing system. Encoding is most effective when the person focuses on the meaning of the information. Memory-improvement techniques, including the spacing of study sessions, active listening, and the use of mnemonic devices, all help the person focus on meaning
The culture in which we live shapes our approach to remembering. For example, some cultures place greater emphasis than others on the skill of remembering and retelling stories.Remembering requires retrieval of information from long-term memory storage and bringing it back into consciousness. Retrieval cues reminders of the material being retrieved play a central role in this process. One interesting retrieval problem the tip of the tongue phenomenon suggests that words are filed in long-term memory according to both meaning and sound.
